<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><?xml-stylesheet href="http://www.blogger.com/styles/atom.css" type="text/css"?><feed xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom' xmlns:openSearch='http://a9.com/-/spec/opensearchrss/1.0/' xmlns:georss='http://www.georss.org/georss'><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164</id><updated>2009-09-29T20:32:38.344-07:00</updated><title type='text'>Ryder Story:  I'd Rather be Blogging</title><subtitle type='html'></subtitle><link rel='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005#feed' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/feeds/posts/default'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/'/><link rel='hub' href='http://pubsubhubbub.appspot.com/'/><author><name>Ryder Story</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17312720952332986716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email></author><generator version='7.00' uri='http://www.blogger.com'>Blogger</generator><openSearch:totalResults>15</openSearch:totalResults><openSearch:startIndex>1</openSearch:startIndex><openSearch:itemsPerPage>25</openSearch:itemsPerPage><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164.post-560452224635654743</id><published>2008-08-30T00:36:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-30T00:37:07.852-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='barack obama speech'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='barack obama'/><title type='text'>Barack Obama Speech</title><content type='html'>On Thursday night, August 28th, Barack Obama accepted the Democratic nomination for President of the United States.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;More than 80,000 people joined him in Denver to be part of the moment, and tens of millions more shared the experience across the country.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Watch Barack's historic speech and share it with your friends and family today:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;a href="http://my.barackobama.com/page/m/69d0abcdc2ed5ec5/fleMEH/VEsH/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.barackobama.com/images/email/vid_accept_new.jpg" alt="Watch Barack's speech" width="300" border="0" height="234" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt; &lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;a href="http://my.barackobama.com/page/m/69d0abcdc2ed5ec5/fleMEH/VEsE/" target="_blank"&gt;http://my.barackobama.com/barackspeech&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;   This campaign belongs to supporters like you who have built a nationwide movement for change.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Thank you for everything you're doing,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Obama for America&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div align="center"&gt;&lt;a href="http://my.barackobama.com/page/m/69d0abcdc2ed5ec5/KpSvcD/VEsF/" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;img src="http://www.barackobama.com/images/177_donate.jpg" alt="Donate" width="178" border="0" height="31" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5224125977441740164-560452224635654743?l=ryderstory.blogspot.com'/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/feeds/560452224635654743/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5224125977441740164&amp;postID=560452224635654743' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/560452224635654743'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/560452224635654743'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/2008/08/barack-obama-speech.html' title='Barack Obama Speech'/><author><name>Ryder Story</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17312720952332986716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='04342108806553812836'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164.post-6887543907215148206</id><published>2008-08-29T23:55:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-29T23:58:59.644-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ashton Kutcher'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ashley Ellerin'/><title type='text'>DNA Evidence: Air Conditioning Repairman Murdered Ashton Kutcher's Ex Girlfriend</title><content type='html'>&lt;div id="yschasset" class="clrfix"&gt;&lt;div class="assets"&gt;&lt;a href="http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&amp;amp;u=/080821/482/bf4968b55f144e87be1fa6c24938034d"&gt;&lt;img src="http://d.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/p/ap/20080821/thumb.bf4968b55f144e87be1fa6c24938034d.aptopix_premiere_the_house_bunny_la_camw119.jpg" width="77" border="1" height="70" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&amp;amp;u=/080821/482/f3c4256abad9472cad2d7bdf6ccd82ba"&gt;&lt;img src="http://d.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/p/ap/20080821/thumb.f3c4256abad9472cad2d7bdf6ccd82ba.premiere_the_house_bunny_la_camw117.jpg" width="44" border="1" height="70" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&amp;amp;u=/080821/482/6d44dd6dbaaf48a58b880a3dd0b60c67"&gt;&lt;img src="http://d.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/p/ap/20080821/thumb.6d44dd6dbaaf48a58b880a3dd0b60c67.premiere_the_house_bunny_la_camw120.jpg" width="107" border="1" height="70" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href="http://news.search.yahoo.com/search/news?ei=UTF-8&amp;amp;p=ashton+kutcher&amp;amp;c=&amp;amp;fr=&amp;amp;c=images" class="more"&gt;31 News Photos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="javascript:void(window.open('http://cosmos.bcst.yahoo.com/up/ylocalnews?ch=4226712&amp;amp;cl=9513109&amp;amp;lang=en','playerWindow','width=792,height=666,scrollbars=no'));"&gt;&lt;img src="http://d.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/p/cbs_local/20080830/vidlthumb.64ab42c19d2314bede9d3145e29e85e0.jpg" width="93" height="70" /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Play&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://news.search.yahoo.com/search/news?ei=UTF-8&amp;amp;p=ashton+kutcher&amp;amp;x=wrt&amp;amp;c=av" class="more"&gt;1 News Videos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="rss-box"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class="rss-title"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-title" href="http://news.search.yahoo.com/search/news?p=ashton+kutcher&amp;ei=UTF-8" target=" target="_blank""&gt;Yahoo! News Search Results for ashton kutcher&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="rss-item"&gt;Yahoo! News Search Results for ashton kutcher&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul class="rss-items"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=11qcmq8dh/*http%3A//www.startribune.com/entertainment/27680984.html"  title="LOS ANGELES - DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday...." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links repairman to deaths of 3 women, including Ashton Kutcher's ex-girlfriend (Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;LOS ANGELES - DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=125n774cc/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080830/ap_on_re_us/serial_killings_3"  title=" DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday...." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (AP via Yahoo! News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=12eg7t551/*http%3A//www.usatoday.com/life/movies/dvd/2008-08-28-new-on-DVD_N.htm?csp=34"  title="As with so many other coarsely infantile romantic comedies from the past quarter-century, this Cameron Diaz-Ashton Kutcher vehicle from May is mercilessly crude for 90 minutes and then asks us to accept an unearned load of warm and fuzzies...." target="_blank"&gt;New on DVD: See 'What Happens' between Diaz, Kutcher (USA Today)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;As with so many other coarsely infantile romantic comedies from the past quarter-century, this Cameron Diaz-Ashton Kutcher vehicle from May is mercilessly crude for 90 minutes and then asks us to accept an unearned load of warm and fuzzies.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=1365nr521/*http%3A//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/08/29/state/n173158D27.DTL&amp;feed=rss.business"  title="DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday. Michael Gargiulo, 32, of Santa Monica has been in custody since July for a separate kni..." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (San Francisco Chronicle)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday. Michael Gargiulo, 32, of Santa Monica has been in custody since July for a separate knife...                               &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=12m87ss9t/*http%3A//au.news.yahoo.com/a/-/world/4976588/dna-links-man-to-slaying-of-kutchers-ex"  title="DNA evidence has linked an A/C repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of US actor Ashton Kutcher, police said...." target="_blank"&gt;DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (AAP via Yahoo!7 News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an A/C repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of US actor Ashton Kutcher, police said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=11iebvbmt/*http%3A//www.fresnobee.com/384/story/832274.html"  title="DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.  Read comments ..." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (The Fresno Bee)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.  Read comments &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=11s9gprj1/*http%3A//www.thewest.com.au/aapstory.aspx?StoryName=510808"  title="DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of US actor Ashton Kutcher, police said...." target="_blank"&gt;DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (The West Australian)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of US actor Ashton Kutcher, police said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=12vu8fr9q/*http%3A//www.lasvegassun.com/news/2008/aug/29/police-dna-links-man-to-slaying-of-kutchers-ex/"  title="Fri, Aug 29, 2008 (7:27 p.m.) DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday...." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher?s ex (Las Vegas Sun)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Fri, Aug 29, 2008 (7:27 p.m.) DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=11vf0pgut/*http%3A//cbs2.com/local/Michael.Gargiulo.Ashton.2.806683.html"  title="DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.�Michael Gargiulo, 32, of Santa Monica has been in custody since July for a separate kni..." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA Links Man To Murder Of Kutcher's Ex (CBS 2 Los Angeles)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.�Michael Gargiulo, 32, of Santa Monica has been in custody since July for a separate knife attack and could face murder charges as soon as next week, police said. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashton+kutcher/SIG=11e5hl0bo/*http%3A//www.macon.com/128/story/447028.html"  title="Two strangers find that alcohol can be hazardous to one's love life when they drunkenly marry during a binge in Sin City and one hits the jackpot in "What Happens in Vegas." With Ashton Kutcher, Cameron Diaz, Rob Corddry and Lake Bell. (PG-13, for profani..." target="_blank"&gt;Ashton and Cameron get hitched 'In Vegas' on DVD (Macon Telegraph)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Two strangers find that alcohol can be hazardous to one's love life when they drunkenly marry during a binge in Sin City and one hits the jackpot in "What Happens in Vegas." With Ashton Kutcher, Cameron Diaz, Rob Corddry and Lake Bell. (PG-13, for profanity, sexual candor and crude humor)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5224125977441740164-6887543907215148206?l=ryderstory.blogspot.com'/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/feeds/6887543907215148206/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5224125977441740164&amp;postID=6887543907215148206' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/6887543907215148206'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/6887543907215148206'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/2008/08/dna-evidence-air-conditioning-repairman.html' title='DNA Evidence: Air Conditioning Repairman Murdered Ashton Kutcher&apos;s Ex Girlfriend'/><author><name>Ryder Story</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17312720952332986716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='04342108806553812836'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164.post-1671953352488908940</id><published>2008-08-29T23:54:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-29T23:54:36.774-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ashton Kutcher'/><title type='text'>Ashton Kutcher</title><content type='html'>&lt;h1 class="firstHeading"&gt;Ashton Kutcher&lt;/h1&gt;       &lt;h3 id="siteSub"&gt;From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia&lt;/h3&gt;              &lt;div id="jump-to-nav"&gt;Jump to: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#column-one"&gt;navigation&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#searchInput"&gt;search&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;   &lt;!-- start content --&gt;    &lt;table class="infobox vcard" style="width: 22em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left;"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: larger; background-color: rgb(238, 221, 136); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="fn"&gt;Ashton Kutcher&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 100%;" class=""&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Ashton_Kutcher,_USAF_crop..jpg" class="image" title="Ashton Kutcher, USAF crop..jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ashton_Kutcher%2C_USAF_crop..jpg/250px-Ashton_Kutcher%2C_USAF_crop..jpg" width="250" border="0" height="291" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;"Ashton Kutcher"&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Born&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;Christopher Ashton Kutcher&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_7" title="February 7"&gt;February 7&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978" title="1978"&gt;1978&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="display: none;"&gt;(&lt;span class="bday"&gt;1978-02-07&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="noprint"&gt;(age 30)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedar_Rapids" title="Cedar Rapids" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Cedar Rapids&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa"&gt;Iowa&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States"&gt;United States&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;&lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;Spouse(s)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demi_Moore" title="Demi Moore"&gt;Demi Moore&lt;/a&gt; (2005 - present)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Christopher Ashton Kutcher&lt;/b&gt; (pronounced &lt;span title="Pronunciation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)" class="IPA"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA_for_English" title="Help:IPA for English" class="mw-redirect"&gt;/ˈkʊtʃɚ/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, rhyming with &lt;i&gt;butcher&lt;/i&gt;;) commonly known as &lt;b&gt;Ashton Kutcher&lt;/b&gt; (born &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_7" title="February 7"&gt;February 7&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978" title="1978"&gt;1978&lt;/a&gt;) is an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States"&gt;American&lt;/a&gt; actor and former fashion model best known for playing &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Kelso" title="Michael Kelso"&gt;Michael Kelso&lt;/a&gt; in the television series &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/That_%2770s_Show" title="That '70s Show"&gt;That '70s Show&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. He was the creator, executive producer, and host of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV" title="MTV"&gt;MTV&lt;/a&gt; celebrity prank show &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk%27d" title="Punk'd"&gt;Punk'd&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; He is known for his roles in films such as &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dude,_Where%27s_My_Car%3F" title="Dude, Where's My Car?"&gt;Dude, Where's My Car?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just_Married" title="Just Married"&gt;Just Married&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Butterfly_Effect" title="The Butterfly Effect"&gt;The Butterfly Effect&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian_%282006_film%29" title="The Guardian (2006 film)"&gt;The Guardian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Happens_in_Vegas" title="What Happens in Vegas"&gt;What Happens in Vegas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; He's also the producer and co-creator of the supernatural TV show &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room_401" title="Room 401"&gt;Room 401&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;div id="toctitle"&gt; &lt;h2&gt;Contents&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;span class="toctoggle"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink"&gt;hide&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Biography"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Biography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Early_life"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Early life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Career"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Career&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Personal_life"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Personal life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Filmography"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Filmography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Actor"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Actor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Video_Games"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Video Games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Producer"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2.3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Producer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#Awards"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Awards&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#References"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#External_links"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; //&lt;![CDATA[  if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); }  //]]&gt; &lt;/script&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Biography" id="Biography"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Biography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Early_life" id="Early_life"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Early life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Kutcher was born in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedar_Rapids" title="Cedar Rapids" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Cedar Rapids&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa"&gt;Iowa&lt;/a&gt;, the son of factory workers Diane and Larry Kutcher.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-0" title=""&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He has an older sister, Tausha, and a fraternal &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twin" title="Twin"&gt;twin&lt;/a&gt;, Michael, who has &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_palsy" title="Cerebral palsy"&gt;cerebral palsy&lt;/a&gt;. Kutcher's childhood was that of a rugged, outdoorsy Midwesterner, and he had various odd jobs, including carpentry, and other jobs relating to farm life. Kutcher attended Washington High School in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa"&gt;Cedar Rapids, Iowa&lt;/a&gt; for about a year when his family moved to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiffin,_Iowa" title="Tiffin, Iowa"&gt;Tiffin, Iowa&lt;/a&gt; where he attended the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clear_Creek-Amana_School_District" title="Clear Creek-Amana School District"&gt;Clear Creek-Amana High School&lt;/a&gt;. In addition to being a student, he played on the football team as wide receiver and appeared in school plays.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-azcentral_1-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-azcentral-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Meanwhile, his home life was stressful. He has stated that "I didn't want to come home and find more bad news about my brother" and "kept myself so busy that I didn't allow myself to feel."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-usaweekend_2-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-usaweekend-2" title=""&gt;[3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Kutcher stated that as a teen, he contemplated committing &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide"&gt;suicide&lt;/a&gt;. At thirteen, he attempted to jump from a hospital balcony, but his father intervened at the last minute.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-hollywood_3-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-hollywood-3" title=""&gt;[4]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; At around this time, his parents divorced. During his senior year, he broke into the high school at night with his cousin in an attempt to steal money; he was caught leaving the scene. Kutcher was convicted of third-degree &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burglary" title="Burglary"&gt;burglary&lt;/a&gt; and sentenced to three years' &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probation" title="Probation"&gt;probation&lt;/a&gt; and 180 hours of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_service" title="Community service"&gt;community service&lt;/a&gt;. Kutcher stated that though the experience "straightened him out," he lost his girlfriend and anticipated college scholarships, and he was ostracized at school and in his community.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-azcentral_1-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-azcentral-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Kutcher attended the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Iowa" title="University of Iowa"&gt;University of Iowa&lt;/a&gt;, where he majored in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemical_engineering" title="Biochemical engineering"&gt;biochemical engineering&lt;/a&gt; (but did not complete), motivated by the desire to find a cure for his brother's heart ailment. At the University of Iowa, Kutcher was kicked out of his apartment for being too "noisy" and "wild." &lt;sup id="cite_ref-PM_4-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-PM-4" title=""&gt;[5]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Kutcher stated, "I thought I knew everything but I didn't have a clue. I was smoking a lot of weed and partying, and I woke up many mornings not knowing what I had done the night before. I played way too hard. I am amazed I am not dead."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-cosmopolitan_5-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-cosmopolitan-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He was also a member of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delta_Chi" title="Delta Chi"&gt;Delta Chi&lt;/a&gt; fraternity. To make ends meet, Kutcher worked as a college summer hire in the cereal department for the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Mills" title="General Mills"&gt;General Mills&lt;/a&gt; plant in Cedar Rapids, and sometimes &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_donation" title="Blood donation"&gt;donated blood&lt;/a&gt; for money.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Interview_6-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-Interview-6" title=""&gt;[7]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; During his time at the University he was approached by a scout at a bar called The Airliner in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_City,_Iowa" title="Iowa City, Iowa"&gt;Iowa City, Iowa&lt;/a&gt;, and was recruited to enter the "Fresh Faces of Iowa" modeling competition. After placing first, he won a trip to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City"&gt;New York City&lt;/a&gt; to the International Modeling and Talent Association (IMTA) Convention. Following his stay in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City"&gt;New York City&lt;/a&gt; Ashton returned home to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa"&gt;Cedar Rapids, Iowa&lt;/a&gt; before relocating to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Los Angeles&lt;/a&gt; to pursue his acting career.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-PM_4-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-PM-4" title=""&gt;[5]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Career" id="Career"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Career"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Career&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;After participating as a modelling contestant in an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMTA" title="IMTA"&gt;IMTA&lt;/a&gt; competition (losing to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Duhamel" title="Josh Duhamel"&gt;Josh Duhamel&lt;/a&gt;) in 1997, Kutcher signed with the Next modeling agency in New York, appeared in ads for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calvin_Klein" title="Calvin Klein"&gt;Calvin Klein&lt;/a&gt;, modeled in Paris and Milan, and appeared in a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pizza_Hut" title="Pizza Hut"&gt;Pizza Hut&lt;/a&gt; commercial.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;After some success in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_%28person%29" title="Model (person)"&gt;modeling&lt;/a&gt;, Kutcher moved to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Los Angeles&lt;/a&gt; and, after his first audition, was cast as &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Kelso" title="Michael Kelso"&gt;Michael Kelso&lt;/a&gt; in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_series" title="Television series" class="mw-redirect"&gt;television series&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/That_%2770s_Show" title="That '70s Show"&gt;That '70s Show&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, which debuted in 1998 and ended in 2006. Kutcher was cast in a series of film roles; although he auditioned but was not cast for the role of Danny Walker in &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearl_Harbor_%28movie%29" title="Pearl Harbor (movie)" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Pearl Harbor&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (2001)&lt;sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-7" title=""&gt;[8]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;, he starred in several comedy films that performed well at the box office, including &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dude,_Where%27s_My_Car%3F" title="Dude, Where's My Car?"&gt;Dude, Where's My Car?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (2000), &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just_Married" title="Just Married"&gt;Just Married&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (2003), and &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guess_Who_%28film%29" title="Guess Who (film)"&gt;Guess Who&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (2005). In addition, he appeared in the family film &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheaper_By_The_Dozen_%282003_film%29" title="Cheaper By The Dozen (2003 film)" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Cheaper By The Dozen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, playing a self-obsessed actor. His 2004 film &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Butterfly_Effect" title="The Butterfly Effect"&gt;The Butterfly Effect&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; was an unusually dramatic role for Kutcher, playing a conflicted young man who fell in love with a girl called Kayleigh; the film received very mixed reviews, but was a box-office success.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-azcentral_1-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-azcentral-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 2003, Kutcher produced and starred in his own series on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV" title="MTV"&gt;MTV&lt;/a&gt;'s &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk%27d" title="Punk'd"&gt;Punk'd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. The series involves various &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden_camera" title="Hidden camera"&gt;hidden camera&lt;/a&gt; tricks performed on celebrities. Kutcher is also an executive producer of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_television" title="Reality television"&gt;reality television&lt;/a&gt; show &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Geek" title="Beauty and the Geek"&gt;Beauty and the Geek&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, which debuted in 2005, and will produce a reality show based around the rap group &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_6_Mafia" title="Three 6 Mafia"&gt;Three 6 Mafia&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-azcentral_1-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-azcentral-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; as well as another reality series entitled &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Real_Wedding_Crashers" title="The Real Wedding Crashers"&gt;The Real Wedding Crashers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-sfchroni_8-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-sfchroni-8" title=""&gt;[9]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Kutcher's most recent film role is in &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian_%282006_film%29" title="The Guardian (2006 film)"&gt;The Guardian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, a film which opened on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_29" title="September 29"&gt;September 29&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;. The film co-stars &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Costner" title="Kevin Costner"&gt;Kevin Costner&lt;/a&gt; and Kutcher as &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard"&gt;United States Coast Guard&lt;/a&gt; rescue swimmers. The studio behind the film, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Touchstone_Pictures" title="Touchstone Pictures"&gt;Touchstone Pictures&lt;/a&gt;, initially hesitated in casting Kutcher in an action film because of his public image as a comic actor. In order to be there for filming, Ashton was forced not to renew his contract for the eighth and final season of &lt;i&gt;That 70s Show&lt;/i&gt;, though he did appear in the first four episodes of it (credited as a special guest star) and returned for the show's series finale.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-azcentral_1-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-azcentral-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Kutcher also voiced a leading character in the animated film &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Season_%28film%29" title="Open Season (film)"&gt;Open Season&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;/i&gt; which opened on the same date as &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian_%282006_film%29" title="The Guardian (2006 film)"&gt;The Guardian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Many of his production credits, including Punk'd, come through Katalyst Films, a production company he runs with partner &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jason_Goldberg" title="Jason Goldberg"&gt;Jason Goldberg&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-9" title=""&gt;[10]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Kutcher is part of the management team for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ooma" title="Ooma"&gt;Ooma&lt;/a&gt;, a tech start-up launched in September 2007. Ooma is in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_over_Internet_Protocol" title="Voice over Internet Protocol"&gt;Voice over Internet Protocol&lt;/a&gt; business and Ashton's role is as Creative Director. He's spearheading a marketing campaign and producing viral videos to promote this service.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Personal_life" id="Personal_life"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Personal life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Kutcher dated actresses &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_Jones" title="January Jones"&gt;January Jones&lt;/a&gt; (from 1998 to 2001), &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashley_Scott" title="Ashley Scott"&gt;Ashley Scott&lt;/a&gt; (from 2001 to 2002), &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monet_Mazur" title="Monet Mazur"&gt;Monet Mazur&lt;/a&gt; (2002), and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brittany_Murphy" title="Brittany Murphy"&gt;Brittany Murphy&lt;/a&gt; (from 2002 to 2003). Following his break-up with Murphy in early 2003, Kutcher began dating &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demi_Moore" title="Demi Moore"&gt;Demi Moore&lt;/a&gt;; reports in the media frequently commented on the fifteen-year age difference between the two.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-sfchroni_8-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-sfchroni-8" title=""&gt;[9]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Moore and Kutcher married on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_24" title="September 24"&gt;September 24&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005"&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt; in a private ceremony conducted by a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi"&gt;rabbi&lt;/a&gt; of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabbalah_Centre" title="Kabbalah Centre"&gt;Kabbalah Centre&lt;/a&gt;; the wedding was attended by about 100 close friends and family of the couple, including &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Willis" title="Bruce Willis"&gt;Bruce Willis&lt;/a&gt;, Moore's ex-husband. Ashton has said that&lt;/p&gt; &lt;blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt;It is humanly impossible for me to love any human beings more than Demi and her kids.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt;Both Kutcher and Moore are followers of the Kabbalah Centre, a controversial California-based organization which alleges that it teaches &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabbalah" title="Kabbalah"&gt;Kabbalah&lt;/a&gt;, a form of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism"&gt;Jewish&lt;/a&gt; mysticism. As part of his involvement in Kabbalah, Kutcher has toured &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"&gt;Israel&lt;/a&gt; with Demi Moore, as well as taken time off to observe traditional Jewish &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Holy_Days" title="High Holy Days" class="mw-redirect"&gt;High Holy Days&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-femfirst_10-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-femfirst-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and celebrated the Jewish holiday &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purim" title="Purim"&gt;Purim&lt;/a&gt;. Kutcher also usually wears the traditional Kabbalah &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_string_%28Kabbalah%29" title="Red string (Kabbalah)"&gt;Red string&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-usatoday906_11-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-usatoday906-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Kutcher is best friends with his former &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/That_%2770s_Show" title="That '70s Show"&gt;That '70s Show&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; co-stars &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danny_Masterson" title="Danny Masterson"&gt;Danny Masterson&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilmer_Valderrama" title="Wilmer Valderrama"&gt;Wilmer Valderrama&lt;/a&gt;, as well as actor &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seann_William_Scott" title="Seann William Scott"&gt;Seann William Scott&lt;/a&gt;, his costar in &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dude,_Where%27s_My_Car%3F" title="Dude, Where's My Car?"&gt;Dude, Where's My Car?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. Kutcher claims that he "never felt close to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topher_Grace" title="Topher Grace"&gt;Topher Grace&lt;/a&gt;," who is the only cast member of That '70s show that he did not punk. Kutcher has also invested in an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_cuisine" title="Italian cuisine"&gt;Italian restaurant&lt;/a&gt; named &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolce" title="Dolce"&gt;Dolce&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-azcentral_1-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-azcentral-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; (other owners include Masterson and Valderrama) and a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"&gt;Japanese&lt;/a&gt;-themed restaurant named &lt;i&gt;Geisha House&lt;/i&gt; located in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Atlanta&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Los Angeles&lt;/a&gt;. Kutcher is a big &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Bears" title="Chicago Bears"&gt;Chicago Bears&lt;/a&gt; supporter.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend, Ashley Ellerin, a 22-year-old fashion model, was found stabbed to death in her &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood_Hills" title="Hollywood Hills"&gt;Hollywood Hills&lt;/a&gt; apartment in February 2001.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Hoag_12-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-Hoag-12" title=""&gt;[13]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Hours before she was found dead, Ashton Kutcher visited her home to pick her up for the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/43rd_Grammy_Awards" title="43rd Grammy Awards"&gt;43rd Grammy Awards&lt;/a&gt;, but no one answered the door. Kutcher looked inside her apartment through a back window and saw what he thought were red wine stains on the carpet, then left. Ellerin's body was found later in the day by her roommate, and after hearing of the news Kutcher went to the police to offer any help in the investigation. In August 2008, police announced that they had traced Ellerin's murder to serial killer Michael Gargiulo, a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Monica,_California" title="Santa Monica, California"&gt;Santa Monica&lt;/a&gt; resident who is charged in the stabbing deaths of at least three women.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Hoag_12-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_note-Hoag-12" title=""&gt;[13]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Filmography" id="Filmography"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Filmography"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Filmography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Actor" id="Actor"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Actor"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Actor&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;1998–2006: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/That_%2770s_Show" title="That '70s Show"&gt;That '70s Show&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Kelso" title="Michael Kelso"&gt;Michael Kelso&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;1999: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coming_Soon" title="Coming Soon"&gt;Coming Soon&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Louie&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2000: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_to_You" title="Down to You"&gt;Down to You&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Jim Morrison&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2000: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reindeer_Games" title="Reindeer Games"&gt;Reindeer Games&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as College Kid&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2000: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dude,_Where%27s_My_Car%3F" title="Dude, Where's My Car?"&gt;Dude, Where's My Car?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Jesse Montgomery III&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2001: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just_Shoot_Me%21" title="Just Shoot Me!"&gt;Just Shoot Me!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Dean Cassidy (1 episode)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2001: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas_Rangers_%28film%29" title="Texas Rangers (film)"&gt;Texas Rangers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as George Durham&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2002: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grounded_for_Life" title="Grounded for Life"&gt;Grounded for Life&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Cousin Scott (1 episode)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2003–2007: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk%27d" title="Punk'd"&gt;Punk'd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Himself/Host&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2003: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just_Married" title="Just Married"&gt;Just Married&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Tom Leezak&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2003: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Boss%27s_Daughter" title="My Boss's Daughter"&gt;My Boss's Daughter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Tom Stansfield&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2003: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheaper_by_the_Dozen_%282003_film%29" title="Cheaper by the Dozen (2003 film)"&gt;Cheaper by the Dozen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Hank&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2004: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Butterfly_Effect" title="The Butterfly Effect"&gt;The Butterfly Effect&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Evan Treborn&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2005: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guess_Who_%28film%29" title="Guess Who (film)"&gt;Guess Who&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Simon Green&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2005: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Lot_Like_Love" title="A Lot Like Love"&gt;A Lot Like Love&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Oliver Martin&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2005: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot_Chicken" title="Robot Chicken"&gt;Robot Chicken&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; various voices&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2006: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_%282006_film%29" title="Bobby (2006 film)"&gt;Bobby&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Fisher&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2006: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian_%282006_film%29" title="The Guardian (2006 film)"&gt;The Guardian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Jake Fischer&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2006: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Season_%28film%29" title="Open Season (film)"&gt;Open Season&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Elliot (Voice)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2008: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss_Guided" title="Miss Guided"&gt;Miss Guided&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Beaux (1 episode)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2008: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What_Happens_in_Vegas..." title="What Happens in Vegas..." class="mw-redirect"&gt;What Happens in Vegas...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Jack Fuller&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2008/2009: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Personal_Effects&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Personal Effects (page does not exist)"&gt;Personal Effects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Walter&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2009: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spread" title="Spread"&gt;Spread&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Nicki&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2009: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Like_Father&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Like Father (page does not exist)"&gt;Like Father&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2009: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Season_2" title="Open Season 2"&gt;Open Season 2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as Elliot(Voice)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Video_Games" id="Video_Games"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Video Games"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Video Games&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Surf's Up Quiz Game&lt;/i&gt; as Cody(Voice) &lt;i&gt;Open Season Game&lt;/i&gt; as Elliot(Voice)&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Producer" id="Producer"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Producer"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Producer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;2003: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punk%27d" title="Punk'd"&gt;Punk'd&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (64 Episodes)(executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2003: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Boss%27s_Daughter" title="My Boss's Daughter"&gt;My Boss's Daughter&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (co-producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2004: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Butterfly_Effect" title="The Butterfly Effect"&gt;The Butterfly Effect&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2004: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27ve_Got_a_Friend" title="You've Got a Friend"&gt;You've Got a Friend&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (8 Episodes) (executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2006: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beauty_and_the_Geek" title="Beauty and the Geek"&gt;Beauty and the Geek&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (36 Episodes) (executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2007: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventures_in_Hollyhood" title="Adventures in Hollyhood"&gt;Adventures in Hollyhood&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (8 Episodes) (executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2007: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miss_Guided" title="Miss Guided"&gt;Miss Guided&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2007: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Game_Show_in_My_Head&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Game Show in My Head (page does not exist)"&gt;Game Show in My Head&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2007: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Real_Wedding_Crashers" title="The Real Wedding Crashers"&gt;The Real Wedding Crashers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (7 Episodes) (executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2007: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Room_401" title="Room 401"&gt;Room 401&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (8 Episodes) (executive producer)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2008: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop_Fiction" title="Pop Fiction"&gt;Pop Fiction&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (executive producer}&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Awards" id="Awards"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Awards"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Awards&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kids%27_Choice_Awards" title="Kids' Choice Awards" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Kids' Choice Awards&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;2004 - Favorite Movie Actor for &lt;i&gt;Just Married&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;My Boss's Daughter&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Cheaper by the Dozen&lt;/i&gt; - Nominated&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2005 - Favorite TV Actor for &lt;i&gt;That '70s Show&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Punk'd&lt;/i&gt; - Nominated&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2007- Favorite Voice in a cartoon- Nominated&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;2004 - Favorite Television Actor for &lt;i&gt;That '70s Show&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Punk'd&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas_Film_Critics_Society" title="Las Vegas Film Critics Society"&gt;Las Vegas Film Critics Society&lt;/a&gt; Award &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;2000 - Sierra Award Best Male Newcomer for &lt;i&gt;Dude, Where's My Car?&lt;/i&gt; - Nominated&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MTV_Movie_Awards" title="MTV Movie Awards"&gt;MTV Movie Awards&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;2001 - Breakthrough Male Performance for &lt;i&gt;Dude, Where's My Car?&lt;/i&gt; - Nominated&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="References" id="References"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=10" title="Edit section: References"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="references-small"&gt; &lt;ol class="references"&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.filmreference.com/film/49/Ashton-Kutcher.html" class="external text" title="http://www.filmreference.com/film/49/Ashton-Kutcher.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Ashton Kutcher Biography (1978-)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-azcentral-1"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-azcentral_1-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-azcentral_1-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-azcentral_1-2" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;c&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-azcentral_1-3" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;d&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-azcentral_1-4" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;e&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-azcentral_1-5" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;f&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.azcentral.com/ent/movies/articles/0923kutcher0923.html" class="external text" title="http://www.azcentral.com/ent/movies/articles/0923kutcher0923.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Ashton Kutcher: More than meets the eye?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-usaweekend-2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-usaweekend_2-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.usaweekend.com/05_issues/050410/050410ashton_kutcher.html" class="external text" title="http://www.usaweekend.com/05_issues/050410/050410ashton_kutcher.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;USA Weekend&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;i&gt;Profile: Ashton's great balancing act&lt;/i&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_23" title="September 23"&gt;September 23&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-hollywood-3"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-hollywood_3-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20050414182642/http://www.hollywood.com/news/detail/article/2439108" class="external text" title="http://web.archive.org/web/20050414182642/http://www.hollywood.com/news/detail/article/2439108" rel="nofollow"&gt;Hollywood.com&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;i&gt;Profile: Ashton Kutcher Contemplate&lt;/i&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_6" title="October 6"&gt;October 6&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-PM-4"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-PM_4-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-PM_4-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Meers, Erik (2001). &lt;a href="http://www.papermag.com/?section=article&amp;amp;parid=216&amp;amp;page=1" class="external text" title="http://www.papermag.com/?section=article&amp;amp;parid=216&amp;amp;page=1" rel="nofollow"&gt;"Dude - He's a star"&lt;/a&gt; Papermag.com (accessed October 6, 2006)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-cosmopolitan-5"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-cosmopolitan_5-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-11778752_ITM" class="external text" title="http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-11778752_ITM" rel="nofollow"&gt;Cosmopolitan&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;i&gt;Profile: Ashton Kutcher on past party days and his rock-solid relationship&lt;/i&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_11" title="October 11"&gt;October 11&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Interview-6"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-Interview_6-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;cite id="CITEREFWeitzman2000"&gt;Weitzman, Elizabeth (March 2000), "&lt;a href="http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1285/is_3_30/ai_60025371" class="external text" title="http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1285/is_3_30/ai_60025371" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kutcher in the Rye - brief article&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;Interview&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="printonly"&gt;, &lt;&lt;a href="http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1285/is_3_30/ai_60025371" class="external free" title="http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1285/is_3_30/ai_60025371" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1285/is_3_30/ai_60025371&lt;/a&gt;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Retrieved on 2007-02-02&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-7"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-7" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0213149/trivia" class="external text" title="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0213149/trivia" rel="nofollow"&gt;Pearl Harbor (2001) - Trivia&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-sfchroni-8"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-sfchroni_8-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-sfchroni_8-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; "&lt;a href="http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/09/24/PKGU1L6HQK1.DTL&amp;amp;type=movies" class="external text" title="http://sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2006/09/24/PKGU1L6HQK1.DTL&amp;amp;type=movies" rel="nofollow"&gt;San Francisco Chronicle&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;i&gt;Guardian serves Kutcher very well&lt;/i&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_24" title="September 24"&gt;September 24&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-9"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-9" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/23/arts/television/23kutc.html" class="external text" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/23/arts/television/23kutc.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Two New Producers, Lots of New Projects&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-femfirst-10"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-femfirst_10-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/celebrity/12682004.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.femalefirst.co.uk/celebrity/12682004.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;FemaleFirst&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;i&gt;Ashton Kutcher Joins Kabbalah&lt;/i&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_23" title="September 23"&gt;September 23&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-usatoday906-11"&gt;'&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-usatoday906_11-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt; &lt;b&gt;"&lt;a href="http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2006-09-26-kutcher-costner-chat_x.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.usatoday.com/life/people/2006-09-26-kutcher-costner-chat_x.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;USA Today&lt;/a&gt;".&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;Changing of the 'Guardian&lt;/b&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_30" title="September 30"&gt;September 30&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Hoag-12"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-Hoag_12-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher#cite_ref-Hoag_12-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Hoag, Christina (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_29" title="August 29"&gt;08-29&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/08/29/state/n173158D27.DTL&amp;amp;feed=rss.business" class="external text" title="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/08/29/state/n173158D27.DTL&amp;amp;feed=rss.business" rel="nofollow"&gt;Police: DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex&lt;/a&gt;", Associated Press&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_30" title="August 30"&gt;08-30&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Christina&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Hoag&amp;amp;rft.title=Police%3A+DNA+links+man+to+slaying+of+Kutcher%27s+ex&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Farticle.cgi%3Ff%3D%2Fn%2Fa%2F2008%2F08%2F29%2Fstate%2Fn173158D27.DTL%26feed%3Drss.business&amp;amp;rft.publisher=Associated+Press&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-08-29"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="External_links" id="External_links"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ashton_Kutcher&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=11" title="Edit section: External links"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005110/" class="external text" title="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0005110/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Ashton Kutcher&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" title="Internet Movie Database"&gt;Internet Movie Database&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.people.com/people/ashton_kutcher" class="external text" title="http://www.people.com/people/ashton_kutcher" rel="nofollow"&gt;Ashton Kutcher&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People.com" title="People.com" class="mw-redirect"&gt;People.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;table id="persondata" class="persondata"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th colspan="2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Persondata" title="Wikipedia:Persondata"&gt;Persondata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;NAME&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Kutcher, Ashton&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;ALTERNATIVE NAMES&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Kutcher, Christopher Ashton&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;SHORT DESCRIPTION&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Actor and producer&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;DATE OF BIRTH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_7" title="February 7"&gt;February 7&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978" title="1978"&gt;1978&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;PLACE OF BIRTH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa" title="Cedar Rapids, Iowa"&gt;Cedar Rapids, Iowa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;DATE OF DEATH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;PLACE OF DEATH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;   &lt;!--  NewPP limit report Preprocessor node count: 1643/1000000 Post-expand include size: 10182/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 4783/2048000 bytes Expensive parser function count: 0/500 --&gt;  &lt;!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:274539-0!1!0!default!!en!2 and timestamp 20080830061000 --&gt; &lt;div class="printfooter"&gt; Retrieved from "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher"&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashton_Kutcher&lt;/a&gt;"&lt;/div&gt;    &lt;div id="catlinks" class="catlinks"&gt;&lt;div id="mw-normal-catlinks"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories"&gt;Categories&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1978_births" title="Category:1978 births"&gt;1978 births&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_film_actors" title="Category:American film actors"&gt;American film actors&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; 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| &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Male_pageant_winners" title="Category:Male pageant winners"&gt;Male pageant winners&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Participants_in_American_reality_television_series" title="Category:Participants in American reality television series"&gt;Participants in American reality television series&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_from_Cedar_Rapids,_Iowa" title="Category:People from Cedar Rapids, Iowa"&gt;People from Cedar Rapids, Iowa&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Pranksters" title="Category:Pranksters"&gt;Pranksters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5224125977441740164-1671953352488908940?l=ryderstory.blogspot.com'/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/feeds/1671953352488908940/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5224125977441740164&amp;postID=1671953352488908940' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/1671953352488908940'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/1671953352488908940'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/2008/08/ashton-kutcher.html' title='Ashton Kutcher'/><author><name>Ryder Story</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17312720952332986716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='04342108806553812836'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164.post-7619869800096142034</id><published>2008-08-29T23:48:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-29T23:52:47.638-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ashton Kutcher'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Ashley Ellerin'/><title type='text'>Ashley Ellerin</title><content type='html'>&lt;script language="JavaScript" src="http://www.freetipsandwits.com/feed/feed2js.php?src=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.search.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Frss%3B_ylt%3DA0WTTkmw7bhIHYUBjQLQtDMD%3B_ylu%3DX3oDMTA3MTBsZGZsBHNlYwNhZG0-%3Fei%3DUTF-8%26p%3Dashley%2Bellerin%26c%3D%26eo%3DUTF-8&amp;amp;chan=y&amp;amp;num=100&amp;amp;targ=y&amp;amp;html=a" type="text/javascript"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;noscript&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.freetipsandwits.com/feed/feed2js.php?src=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.search.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Frss%3B_ylt%3DA0WTTkmw7bhIHYUBjQLQtDMD%3B_ylu%3DX3oDMTA3MTBsZGZsBHNlYwNhZG0-%3Fei%3DUTF-8%26p%3Dashley%2Bellerin%26c%3D%26eo%3DUTF-8&amp;amp;chan=y&amp;amp;num=100&amp;amp;targ=y&amp;amp;html=y"&gt;View RSS feed&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/noscript&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="rss-box"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class="rss-title"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-title" href="http://news.search.yahoo.com/search/news?p=ashley+ellerin&amp;ei=UTF-8" target=" target="_blank""&gt;Yahoo! News Search Results for ashley ellerin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="rss-item"&gt;Yahoo! News Search Results for ashley ellerin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul class="rss-items"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=125n774cc/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080830/ap_on_re_us/serial_killings_3"  title=" DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday...." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (AP via Yahoo! News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=11jh1oav7/*http%3A//www.startribune.com/nation/27680984.html"  title="LOS ANGELES - DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday...." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links repairman to deaths of 3 women, including Ashton Kutcher's ex-girlfriend (Minneapolis-St. Paul Star Tribune)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;LOS ANGELES - DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=1365nr521/*http%3A//www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/n/a/2008/08/29/state/n173158D27.DTL&amp;feed=rss.business"  title="DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday. Michael Gargiulo, 32, of Santa Monica has been in custody since July for a separate kni..." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (San Francisco Chronicle)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday. Michael Gargiulo, 32, of Santa Monica has been in custody since July for a separate knife...                               &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=12m87ss9t/*http%3A//au.news.yahoo.com/a/-/world/4976588/dna-links-man-to-slaying-of-kutchers-ex"  title="DNA evidence has linked an A/C repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of US actor Ashton Kutcher, police said...." target="_blank"&gt;DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (AAP via Yahoo!7 News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an A/C repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of US actor Ashton Kutcher, police said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=11l5oaolr/*http%3A//www.mercurynews.com/ci_10339045?source=rss"  title="DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the murder of actor Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend and two other killings dating back to 1993, police said Friday...." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links repairman to death of model (San Jose Mercury News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the murder of actor Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend and two other killings dating back to 1993, police said Friday.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=134tce68p/*http%3A//www.kget.com/news/state/story.aspx?content_id=01f551b7-837c-4750-bfea-4ab7aee97366&amp;rss=92"  title="Police say DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the murder of actor Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend and two other killings dating back to 1993...." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links repairman to death of model (KGET 17 Bakersfield)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Police say DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the murder of actor Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend and two other killings dating back to 1993.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=11iebvbmt/*http%3A//www.fresnobee.com/384/story/832274.html"  title="DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.  Read comments ..." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (The Fresno Bee)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of actor Ashton Kutcher, police said Friday.  Read comments &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=11is9cqvq/*http%3A//www.ksby.com/global/story.asp?s=8925096"  title="   Associated Press - August 29, 2008 9:54 PM ET   LOS ANGELES (AP) - Police say DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the murder of actor Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend and......" target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links repairman to death of model (KSBY San Luis Obispo)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;   Associated Press - August 29, 2008 9:54 PM ET   LOS ANGELES (AP) - Police say DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the murder of actor Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend and...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=11s9gprj1/*http%3A//www.thewest.com.au/aapstory.aspx?StoryName=510808"  title="DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of US actor Ashton Kutcher, police said...." target="_blank"&gt;DNA links man to slaying of Kutcher's ex (The West Australian)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the stabbing deaths of three women, including a former girlfriend of US actor Ashton Kutcher, police said.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/ashley+ellerin/SIG=131vqo40a/*http%3A//www.nctimes.com/articles/2008/08/29//news/state//z140f8155c68cb579882574b500035bad.txt"  title="LOS ANGELES ---- DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the murder of actor Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend and two other killings dating back to 1993, police said Friday...." target="_blank"&gt;Police: DNA links repairman to death of model (North County Times)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;LOS ANGELES ---- DNA evidence has linked an air conditioning repairman to the murder of actor Ashton Kutcher's former girlfriend and two other killings dating back to 1993, police said Friday.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5224125977441740164-7619869800096142034?l=ryderstory.blogspot.com'/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/feeds/7619869800096142034/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5224125977441740164&amp;postID=7619869800096142034' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/7619869800096142034'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/7619869800096142034'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/2008/08/ashley-ellerin.html' title='Ashley Ellerin'/><author><name>Ryder Story</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17312720952332986716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='04342108806553812836'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164.post-405052656760958769</id><published>2008-08-29T23:33:00.001-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-29T23:33:51.870-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='The Road Not Taken'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Robert Frost'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Poetry'/><title type='text'>The Road Not Taken</title><content type='html'>&lt;h1 class="firstHeading"&gt;The Road Not Taken&lt;/h1&gt;       &lt;h3 id="siteSub"&gt;From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia&lt;/h3&gt;              &lt;div id="jump-to-nav"&gt;Jump to: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#column-one"&gt;navigation&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#searchInput"&gt;search&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;   &lt;!-- start content --&gt;    &lt;div class="dablink"&gt;For other uses, see &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken_%28disambiguation%29" title="The Road Not Taken (disambiguation)"&gt;The Road Not Taken (disambiguation)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;"&lt;b&gt;The Road Not Taken&lt;/b&gt;" is a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poem" title="Poem" class="mw-redirect"&gt;poem&lt;/a&gt; by &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Frost" title="Robert Frost"&gt;Robert Frost&lt;/a&gt;, published in 1916 in his collection &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain_Interval" title="Mountain Interval"&gt;Mountain Interval&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. It is the first poem in the volume, and the first poem Frost had printed in italics. The title is often misremembered as "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Less_Traveled" title="The Road Less Traveled"&gt;The Road Less Traveled&lt;/a&gt;", from the penultimate line: "I took the one less traveled by".&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;div id="toctitle"&gt; &lt;h2&gt;Contents&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;span class="toctoggle"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink"&gt;hide&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#Interpretation"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Interpretation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#Literal_interpretation"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Literal interpretation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#Ironic_interpretation"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Ironic interpretation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#Adaptations"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Adaptations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#Poem"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Poem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#References"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; //&lt;![CDATA[  if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); }  //]]&gt; &lt;/script&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Interpretation" id="Interpretation"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Road_Not_Taken&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Interpretation"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Interpretation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;The poem admits two common interpretations, which turn on how one interprets the last lines – either literally or &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irony" title="Irony"&gt;ironically&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;It is popularly interpreted literally, as inspirational and individualist, but critics universally interpret it as ironic&lt;sup id="cite_ref-on_0-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_note-on-0" title=""&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; – "'The Road Not Taken,' perhaps the most famous example of Frost's own claims to conscious irony and 'the best example in all of American poetry of a wolf in sheep's clothing.'"&lt;sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_note-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; – and Frost himself warned "You have to be careful of that one; it's a tricky poem – very tricky."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_note-2" title=""&gt;[3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;"Frost intended the poem as a gentle jab at his great friend and fellow poet &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Thomas_%28poet%29" title="Edward Thomas (poet)"&gt;Edward Thomas&lt;/a&gt;, and seemed amused at this certain interpretation of the poem as inspirational."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_note-3" title=""&gt;[4]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Literal_interpretation" id="Literal_interpretation"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Road_Not_Taken&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Literal interpretation"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Literal interpretation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;According to the literal interpretation, the poem is inspirational, a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paean" title="Paean"&gt;paean&lt;/a&gt; to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism"&gt;individualism&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-conformist" title="Non-conformist" class="mw-redirect"&gt;non-conformism&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The poem's last lines, where the narrator declares that taking the road "less traveled by" has "made all the difference," can be seen as a declaration of the importance of independence and personal freedom. "The Road Not Taken" seems to illustrate that once one takes a certain road, there is no turning back. Although one might change paths later on, the past cannot be changed. It can be seen as showing that choice is very important, and is a thing to be considered.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;This interpretation is connected with misremembering the title as "The Road Less Traveled", since it places emphasis on the choice made, not the opportunities foregone.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Ironic_interpretation" id="Ironic_interpretation"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Road_Not_Taken&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Ironic interpretation"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Ironic interpretation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;The ironic interpretation, widely held by critics,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-on_0-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_note-on-0" title=""&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_note-4" title=""&gt;[5]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; is that the poem is instead about regret and personal myth-making, rationalizing our decisions.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In this interpretation, the final two lines:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt;I took the one less traveled by,&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;dd&gt;And that has made all the difference.&lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;p&gt;are ironic – the choice made little or no difference at all, the speaker's protestations to the contrary. The narrator admits in the second and third stanzas that both paths may be equally worn and equally leaf-covered, and it is only in his future recollection that he &lt;i&gt;will call&lt;/i&gt; one road "less traveled by".&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The sigh, widely interpreted as a sigh of regret, might also be interpreted ironically: in a 1925 letter to Crystine Yates of Dickson, Tennessee, asking about the sigh, Frost replied: "It was my rather private jest at the expense of those who might &lt;i&gt;think&lt;/i&gt; I would yet live to be sorry for the way I had taken in life."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_note-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Adaptations" id="Adaptations"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Road_Not_Taken&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Adaptations"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Adaptations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randall_Thompson" title="Randall Thompson"&gt;Randall Thompson&lt;/a&gt; set several of Frost's poems, including "The Road Not Taken", into choral arrangements. Together they are known as "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frostiana" title="Frostiana"&gt;Frostiana&lt;/a&gt;".&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Poem" id="Poem"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Road_Not_Taken&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Poem"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Poem&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="poem"&gt; &lt;p&gt;Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,&lt;br /&gt;And sorry I could not travel both&lt;br /&gt;And be one traveler, long I stood&lt;br /&gt;And looked down one as far as I could&lt;br /&gt;To where it bent in the undergrowth;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Then took the other, as just as fair,&lt;br /&gt;And having perhaps the better claim,&lt;br /&gt;Because it was grassy and wanted wear;&lt;br /&gt;Though as for that the passing there&lt;br /&gt;Had worn them really about the same,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;And both that morning equally lay&lt;br /&gt;In leaves no step had trodden black.&lt;br /&gt;Oh, I kept the first for another day!&lt;br /&gt;Yet knowing how way leads on to way,&lt;br /&gt;I doubted if I should ever come back.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;I shall be telling this with a sigh&lt;br /&gt;Somewhere ages and ages hence:&lt;br /&gt;Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—&lt;br /&gt;I took the one less traveled by,&lt;br /&gt;And that has made all the difference.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="References" id="References"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Road_Not_Taken&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=6" title="Edit section: References"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="infobox sisterproject"&gt; &lt;div class="floatleft"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wikiquote-logo-en.svg" class="image" title="Wikiquote-logo-en.svg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Wikiquote-logo-en.svg/49px-Wikiquote-logo-en.svg.png" width="49" border="0" height="49" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="margin-left: 60px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote"&gt;Wikiquote&lt;/a&gt; has a collection of quotations related to: &lt;div style="margin-left: 10px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Robert_Frost" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Robert Frost"&gt;Robert Frost&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="infobox sisterproject"&gt; &lt;div class="floatleft"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="image" title="Wikisource-logo.svg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/50px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" width="50" border="0" height="52" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="margin-left: 60px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource"&gt;Wikisource&lt;/a&gt; has original text related to this article: &lt;div style="margin-left: 10px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/The_Road_Not_Taken" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Special:Search/The Road Not Taken"&gt;The Road Not Taken&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="references-small"&gt; &lt;ol class="references"&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-on-0"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_ref-on_0-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_ref-on_0-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; William H. Pritchard. "&lt;a href="http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/a_f/frost/road.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/a_f/frost/road.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;On "The Road Not Taken"&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Illinois_at_Urbana-Champaign" title="University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign"&gt;University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign&lt;/a&gt; Department of English.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-1"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_ref-1" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;cite class="book" style="font-style: normal;" id="Reference-Kearns-1994"&gt;Kearns, Katherine (1994). &lt;i&gt;Robert Frost and a Poetics of Appetite&lt;/i&gt;. Cambridge University Press.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;amp;rft.genre=book&amp;amp;rft.btitle=Robert+Frost+and+a+Poetics+of+Appetite&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Kearns&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Katherine&amp;amp;rft.date=1994&amp;amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_ref-2" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;cite class="book" style="font-style: normal;"&gt;in Lawrance Thompson: &lt;i&gt;Selected Letters of Robert Frost&lt;/i&gt;. New York: Hold, Rinehart and Winston, xv.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;amp;rft.genre=book&amp;amp;rft.btitle=Selected+Letters+of+Robert+Frost&amp;amp;rft.pub=Hold%2C+Rinehart+and+Winston&amp;amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;amp;rft.pages=xv"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-3"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_ref-3" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;cite class="book" style="font-style: normal;" id="Reference-Pritchard.-1984"&gt;Pritchard., William (1984). &lt;i&gt;Frost: A Literary Life Reconsidered&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;amp;rft.genre=book&amp;amp;rft.btitle=Frost%3A+A+Literary+Life+Reconsidered&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Pritchard.&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=William&amp;amp;rft.date=1984"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-4"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_ref-4" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;cite style="font-style: normal;"&gt;Sullivan, John Jeremiah (August 2000). "&lt;a href="http://harpers.org/archive/2000/08/0066909" class="external text" title="http://harpers.org/archive/2000/08/0066909" rel="nofollow"&gt;The death of the hired poem: Robert Frost, Monster.com, and the anxiety of affluence&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;i&gt;Harper's Magazine&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_23" title="June 23"&gt;06-23&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;amp;rft.genre=article&amp;amp;rft.atitle=The+death+of+the+hired+poem%3A+Robert+Frost%2C+Monster.com%2C+and+the+anxiety+of+affluence&amp;amp;rft.jtitle=Harper%27s+Magazine&amp;amp;rft.date=2000&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Sullivan&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=John+Jeremiah&amp;amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fharpers.org%2Farchive%2F2000%2F08%2F0066909"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-5"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken#cite_ref-5" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;cite style="font-style: normal;"&gt;Finger, Larry L. (November 1978). "&lt;a href="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-9831%28197811%2950%3A3%3C478%3AF%22RNTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-U" class="external text" title="http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0002-9831(197811)50%3A3%3C478%3AF%22RNTA%3E2.0.CO%3B2-U" rel="nofollow"&gt;Frost's "The Road Not Taken": A 1925 Letter Come to Light&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;i&gt;American Literature&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;50&lt;/b&gt;: 478–479. &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier"&gt;doi&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;span class="neverexpand"&gt;&lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F2925142" class="external text" title="http://dx.doi.org/10.2307%2F2925142" rel="nofollow"&gt;10.2307/2925142&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;amp;rft.genre=article&amp;amp;rft.atitle=Frost%27s+%22The+Road+Not+Taken%22%3A+A+1925+Letter+Come+to+Light&amp;amp;rft.jtitle=American+Literature&amp;amp;rft.date=1978&amp;amp;rft.volume=50&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Finger&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Larry+L.&amp;amp;rft.pages=478%E2%80%93479&amp;amp;rft_id=info:doi/10.2307%2F2925142&amp;amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flinks.jstor.org%2Fsici%3Fsici%3D0002-9831%28197811%2950%253A3%253C478%253AF%2522RNTA%253E2.0.CO%253B2-U"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt; &lt;/div&gt;   &lt;!--  NewPP limit report Preprocessor node count: 1156/1000000 Post-expand include size: 8320/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 3193/2048000 bytes Expensive parser function count: 0/500 --&gt;  &lt;!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:1448016-0!1!0!default!!en!2 and timestamp 20080830020533 --&gt; &lt;div class="printfooter"&gt; Retrieved from "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken"&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Road_Not_Taken&lt;/a&gt;"&lt;/div&gt;    &lt;div id="catlinks" class="catlinks"&gt;&lt;div id="mw-normal-catlinks"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories"&gt;Categories&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1916_poems" title="Category:1916 poems"&gt;1916 poems&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Poetry_by_Robert_Frost" title="Category:Poetry by Robert Frost"&gt;Poetry by Robert Frost&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5224125977441740164-405052656760958769?l=ryderstory.blogspot.com'/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/feeds/405052656760958769/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5224125977441740164&amp;postID=405052656760958769' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/405052656760958769'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/405052656760958769'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/2008/08/road-not-taken.html' title='The Road Not Taken'/><author><name>Ryder Story</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17312720952332986716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='04342108806553812836'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164.post-4234001326606157150</id><published>2008-08-29T23:31:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-29T23:32:17.756-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Amy Sedaris'/><title type='text'>Amy Sedaris</title><content type='html'>&lt;h1 class="firstHeading"&gt;Amy Sedaris&lt;/h1&gt;       &lt;h3 id="siteSub"&gt;From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia&lt;/h3&gt;              &lt;div id="jump-to-nav"&gt;Jump to: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#column-one"&gt;navigation&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#searchInput"&gt;search&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;   &lt;!-- start content --&gt;    &lt;table class="infobox vcard" style="width: 22em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left;"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: larger; background-color: rgb(238, 221, 136); color: rgb(0, 0, 0);" class="fn"&gt;Amy Sedaris&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 100%;" class=""&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Amy_Sedaris080112.jpg" class="image" title="Amy Sedaris080112.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Amy_Sedaris080112.jpg/220px-Amy_Sedaris080112.jpg" width="220" border="0" height="212" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Sedaris at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BlogHer" title="BlogHer"&gt;BlogHer&lt;/a&gt;, 2007&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Born&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_29" title="March 29"&gt;March 29&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1961" title="1961"&gt;1961&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="display: none;"&gt;(&lt;span class="bday"&gt;1961-03-29&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="noprint"&gt;(age 47)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endicott,_New_York" title="Endicott, New York"&gt;Endicott&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York" title="New York"&gt;New York&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Amy Sedaris&lt;/b&gt; (born &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_29" title="March 29"&gt;March 29&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1961" title="1961"&gt;1961&lt;/a&gt;) is an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States"&gt;American&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actor" title="Actor"&gt;actress&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Author" title="Author"&gt;author&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedian" title="Comedian"&gt;comedian&lt;/a&gt;. She is perhaps best known as Jerri Blank from the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comedy_Central" title="Comedy Central"&gt;Comedy Central&lt;/a&gt; television series &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strangers_with_Candy" title="Strangers with Candy"&gt;Strangers with Candy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;; she is also the younger sister of (and sometimes-collaborator with) author &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Sedaris" title="David Sedaris"&gt;David Sedaris&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;div id="toctitle"&gt; &lt;h2&gt;Contents&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;span class="toctoggle"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink"&gt;hide&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#Biography"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Biography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#Personal_life"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Personal life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#Career"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Career&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#Bibliography"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Bibliography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#Selected_filmography"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Selected filmography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#References"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#External_links"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; //&lt;![CDATA[  if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); }  //]]&gt; &lt;/script&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Biography" id="Biography"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amy_Sedaris&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Biography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Personal_life" id="Personal_life"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amy_Sedaris&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Personal life"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Personal life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Amy Sedaris was born in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endicott,_New_York" title="Endicott, New York"&gt;Endicott, New York&lt;/a&gt;, daughter of Sharon and Lou Sedaris. &lt;sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_note-0" title=""&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_note-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; She is the younger sister of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humorist" title="Humorist" class="mw-redirect"&gt;humorist&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Sedaris" title="David Sedaris"&gt;David Sedaris&lt;/a&gt;. They grew up in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina"&gt;Raleigh, North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;. She is of half &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_American" title="Greek American"&gt;Greek descent&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_note-2" title=""&gt;[3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; her father was &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Orthodox" title="Greek Orthodox" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Greek Orthodox&lt;/a&gt; and her mother was &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protestant" title="Protestant" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Protestant&lt;/a&gt;, and she was raised in her father's faith.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_note-3" title=""&gt;[4]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_note-4" title=""&gt;[5]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Amy Sedaris lives in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenwich_Village" title="Greenwich Village"&gt;Greenwich Village&lt;/a&gt; with her &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mini_rex" title="Mini rex" class="mw-redirect"&gt;mini rex&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbit" title="Rabbit"&gt;rabbit&lt;/a&gt; Dusty and is very involved with the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_Rabbit_Society" title="House Rabbit Society"&gt;House Rabbit Society&lt;/a&gt;. As part of a running joke during public appearances, she frequently alludes to her imaginary boyfriend, Ricky. During an appearance on the &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Late_Show_with_David_Letterman" title="Late Show with David Letterman"&gt;Late Show with David Letterman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_6" title="October 6"&gt;October 6&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;), she claimed Ricky had "died", (murdered)&lt;sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_note-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and she now lives with Ricky's ghost.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Career" id="Career"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amy_Sedaris&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Career"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Career&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;A former member of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago,_Illinois" title="Chicago, Illinois" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Chicago&lt;/a&gt;-based &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Second_City" title="The Second City"&gt;Second City&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annoyance_Theatre" title="Annoyance Theatre"&gt;Annoyance Theatre&lt;/a&gt; comedy troupes, she is known for her role as Jerri Blank in the television series &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strangers_with_Candy" title="Strangers with Candy"&gt;Strangers with Candy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. The show, which she co-wrote with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Dinello" title="Paul Dinello"&gt;Paul Dinello&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Colbert" title="Stephen Colbert"&gt;Stephen Colbert&lt;/a&gt; (both of whom also starred with her in the short-lived sketch show, &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exit_57" title="Exit 57"&gt;Exit 57&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, on Comedy Central), was based on Sedaris's impression of 1970s motivational speaker &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florrie_Fisher" title="Florrie Fisher"&gt;Florrie Fisher&lt;/a&gt;. Sedaris has appeared in the movies &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elf_%28film%29" title="Elf (film)"&gt;Elf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_of_Rock" title="School of Rock"&gt;School of Rock&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maid_in_Manhattan" title="Maid in Manhattan"&gt;Maid in Manhattan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, the film version of &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bewitched_%28movie%29" title="Bewitched (movie)" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Bewitched&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; and is featured in David Munro's upcoming &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_Grown_Men" title="Full Grown Men"&gt;Full Grown Men&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. She also starred in the 2006 film adaptation of &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strangers_with_Candy_%28film%29" title="Strangers with Candy (film)"&gt;Strangers with Candy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. In addition to acting, she runs a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupcakes" title="Cupcakes" class="mw-redirect"&gt;cupcake&lt;/a&gt; and cheese ball business ("Dusty Food Cupcakes") out of her kitchen.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_note-6" title=""&gt;[7]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div class="thumb tleft"&gt; &lt;div class="thumbinner" style="width: 182px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Amy_sedaris2_2006.jpg" class="image" title="Sedaris entertaining the audience and fellow author David Rakoff as she gives direction on making brownies at the 2006 Texas Book Festival."&gt;&lt;img alt="Sedaris entertaining the audience and fellow author David Rakoff as she gives direction on making brownies at the 2006 Texas Book Festival." src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Amy_sedaris2_2006.jpg/180px-Amy_sedaris2_2006.jpg" class="thumbimage" width="180" border="0" height="118" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class="thumbcaption"&gt; &lt;div class="magnify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Amy_sedaris2_2006.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"&gt;&lt;img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; Sedaris entertaining the audience and fellow author &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Rakoff" title="David Rakoff"&gt;David Rakoff&lt;/a&gt; as she gives direction on making brownies at the 2006 Texas Book Festival.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;Sedaris also hosted the series &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film_Fanatic" title="Film Fanatic"&gt;Film Fanatic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trio_channel" title="Trio channel" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Trio&lt;/a&gt;. She coauthored the text-and-picture novel &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigfield" title="Wigfield"&gt;Wigfield&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; with Paul Dinello and Stephen Colbert, published in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/As_of_2005" title="As of 2005" class="mw-redirect"&gt;As of 2005&lt;/a&gt;, Sedaris writes a monthly advice column in &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Believer_%28magazine%29" title="The Believer (magazine)"&gt;The Believer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. She has written a guide to entertaining titled &lt;i&gt;I Like You: Hospitality Under the Influence&lt;/i&gt;, published in October 2006 by Warner Books. That light-hearted approach to cooking stayed on the New York Times best-sellers list for over 12 weeks, and currently has over 350,000 copies in print.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Along with her brother, author and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essayist" title="Essayist" class="mw-redirect"&gt;essayist&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Sedaris" title="David Sedaris"&gt;David Sedaris&lt;/a&gt;, Amy has co-authored several plays under the name "The Talent Family." These include: &lt;i&gt;Stump the Host&lt;/i&gt; (1993), &lt;i&gt;Stitches&lt;/i&gt; (1994), &lt;i&gt;One Woman Shoe&lt;/i&gt; (1995), &lt;i&gt;Incident at Cobblers Knob&lt;/i&gt; (1997) and &lt;i&gt;The Little Frieda Mysteries&lt;/i&gt; (1997) which were all produced and presented by &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meryl_Vladimer" title="Meryl Vladimer"&gt;Meryl Vladimer&lt;/a&gt;, when she was the artistic director of "the CLUB" at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_MaMa_Experimental_Theatre_Club" title="La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club"&gt;La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;Incident at Kobblers Knob&lt;/i&gt; was presented and produced by David Rockwell at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Center_Festival&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lincoln Center Festival (page does not exist)"&gt;Lincoln Center Festival&lt;/a&gt;. She co-authored the play &lt;i&gt;The Book of Liz&lt;/i&gt; with her brother. She played the stage manager in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Rudnick" title="Paul Rudnick"&gt;Paul Rudnick&lt;/a&gt;'s play &lt;i&gt;The Most Fabulous Story Ever Told&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Sedaris appeared in two episodes of &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rescue_Me_%28TV_series%29" title="Rescue Me (TV series)"&gt;Rescue Me&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, two episodes of &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monk_%28TV_series%29" title="Monk (TV series)"&gt;Monk&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, an episode of &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wonder_Showzen" title="Wonder Showzen"&gt;Wonder Showzen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, on &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Just_Shoot_Me%21" title="Just Shoot Me!"&gt;Just Shoot Me!&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as a female version of David Spade's character, and as &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrie_Bradshaw" title="Carrie Bradshaw"&gt;Carrie Bradshaw&lt;/a&gt;'s book publisher in &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_and_the_City" title="Sex and the City"&gt;Sex and the City&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. She also played Paulie the Penis in the online comedy sketch 'The Puberty Pals'.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_note-7" title=""&gt;[8]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; She guest-starred as Randy's cat-obsessed girlfriend in an October 2006 episode of &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Name_Is_Earl" title="My Name Is Earl"&gt;My Name Is Earl&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;. She has also made a guest appearance on &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesame_Street" title="Sesame Street"&gt;Sesame Street&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; as a flustered Snow White who keeps losing her dwarves.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;One of Sedaris's lesser known characters, Piglet, is a foul-mouthed, promiscuous Southern girl whom she affects by pulling her nose back with a piece of tape, creating a "pig nose" look. Although the character's rants are too obscene for her television appearances, Sedaris is often encouraged by fans to perform her at book signings and other appearances.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;, Sedaris was featured in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolly_Parton" title="Dolly Parton"&gt;Dolly Parton&lt;/a&gt;'s first mainstream country music video in 17 years, "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Better_Get_to_Livin%27" title="Better Get to Livin'"&gt;Better Get to Livin'&lt;/a&gt;."&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 2008, Sedaris stars as principal Abby Hoffman in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nickelodeon_%28TV_channel%29" title="Nickelodeon (TV channel)"&gt;Nickelodeon&lt;/a&gt; TV's &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gym_Teacher:_The_Movie" title="Gym Teacher: The Movie"&gt;Gym Teacher: The Movie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; directed by her Strangers with Candy co-star &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Dinello" title="Paul Dinello"&gt;Paul Dinello&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Bibliography" id="Bibliography"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amy_Sedaris&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Bibliography"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Bibliography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Sedaris, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen_Colbert" title="Stephen Colbert"&gt;Colbert&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Dinello" title="Paul Dinello"&gt;Dinello&lt;/a&gt;. &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigfield" title="Wigfield"&gt;Wigfield: The Can-Do Town That Just May Not&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (Hyperion, May 19, 2004) &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/078688696X" class="internal"&gt;ISBN 0-7868-8696-X&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;I Like You : Hospitality Under The Influence&lt;/i&gt; (Warner Books, October 16 2006) &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0446578843" class="internal"&gt;ISBN 0-446-57884-3&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Selected_filmography" id="Selected_filmography"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amy_Sedaris&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Selected filmography"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Selected filmography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer%27s_Body" title="Jennifer's Body"&gt;Jennifer's Body&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_in_film" title="2009 in film"&gt;2009&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gym_Teacher:_The_Movie" title="Gym Teacher: The Movie"&gt;Gym Teacher: The Movie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanner_Hall_%28film%29" title="Tanner Hall (film)"&gt;Tanner Hall&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Puberty:_The_Movie&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Puberty: The Movie (page does not exist)"&gt;Puberty: The Movie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_actor" title="Voice actor" class="mw-redirect"&gt;voice&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedication" title="Dedication"&gt;Dedication&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_Angels" title="Snow Angels"&gt;Snow Angels&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shrek_the_Third" title="Shrek the Third"&gt;Shrek the Third&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_in_film" title="2007 in film"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_actor" title="Voice actor" class="mw-redirect"&gt;voice&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strangers_with_Candy_%28film%29" title="Strangers with Candy (film)"&gt;Strangers with Candy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_in_film" title="2006 in film"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Want_Someone_to_Eat_Cheese_With" title="I Want Someone to Eat Cheese With"&gt;I Want Someone to Eat Cheese With&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_in_film" title="2006 in film"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Full_Grown_Men" title="Full Grown Men"&gt;Full Grown Men&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_in_film" title="2006 in film"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicken_Little_%282005_movie%29" title="Chicken Little (2005 movie)" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Chicken Little&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_in_film" title="2005 in film"&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_actor" title="Voice actor" class="mw-redirect"&gt;voice&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romance_%26_Cigarettes" title="Romance &amp;amp; Cigarettes"&gt;Romance &amp;amp; Cigarettes&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_in_film" title="2005 in film"&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bewitched_%28film%29" title="Bewitched (film)"&gt;Bewitched&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_in_film" title="2005 in film"&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Baby%27s_Daddy" title="My Baby's Daddy"&gt;My Baby's Daddy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_in_film" title="2004 in film"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elf_%28film%29" title="Elf (film)"&gt;Elf&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_in_film" title="2003 in film"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_of_Rock" title="School of Rock"&gt;School of Rock&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_in_film" title="2003 in film"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maid_in_Manhattan" title="Maid in Manhattan"&gt;Maid in Manhattan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_in_film" title="2002 in film"&gt;2002&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jump_Tomorrow" title="Jump Tomorrow"&gt;Jump Tomorrow&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; {&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_in_film" title="2001 in film"&gt;2001&lt;/a&gt;}&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strangers_with_Candy" title="Strangers with Candy"&gt;Strangers with Candy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_in_television" title="1999 in television"&gt;1999&lt;/a&gt;) (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TV_series" title="TV series" class="mw-redirect"&gt;TV series&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Days_Seven_Nights" title="Six Days Seven Nights"&gt;Six Days Seven Nights&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_in_film" title="1998 in film"&gt;1998&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="References" id="References"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amy_Sedaris&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=6" title="Edit section: References"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="infobox sisterproject"&gt; &lt;div style="float: left;" align="left"&gt; &lt;div style="position: relative;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris" title="Commons:Amy Sedaris"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="50" border="0" height="67" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="margin-left: 60px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"&gt;Wikimedia Commons&lt;/a&gt; has media related to: &lt;div style="margin-left: 10px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris" class="extiw" title="commons:Amy Sedaris"&gt;Amy Sedaris&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="references-small"&gt; &lt;ol class="references"&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_ref-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20070319&amp;amp;s=heard031907" class="external free" title="http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20070319&amp;amp;s=heard031907" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20070319&amp;amp;s=heard031907&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-1"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_ref-1" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20070319&amp;amp;s=heard031907&amp;amp;c=2" class="external free" title="http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20070319&amp;amp;s=heard031907&amp;amp;c=2" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.tnr.com/doc.mhtml?i=20070319&amp;amp;s=heard031907&amp;amp;c=2&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_ref-2" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; 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&lt;a href="http://www.jerriblank.com/dave.html#011405" class="external text" title="http://www.jerriblank.com/dave.html#011405" rel="nofollow"&gt;jerriblank.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-6"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_ref-6" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.tvguide.com/news/amy-sedaris-sells/060628-01" class="external text" title="http://www.tvguide.com/news/amy-sedaris-sells/060628-01" rel="nofollow"&gt;TV Guide: &lt;i&gt;Amy Sedaris Sells Movie "Candy"&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-7"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amy_Sedaris#cite_ref-7" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0781238/" class="external text" title="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0781238/" rel="nofollow"&gt;IMDB&lt;/a&gt; #21, 22&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="External_links" id="External_links"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="editsection"&gt;[&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amy_Sedaris&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;section=7" title="Edit section: External links"&gt;edit&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0781238/" class="external text" title="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0781238/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Amy Sedaris&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" title="Internet Movie Database"&gt;Internet Movie Database&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.amysedaris.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.amysedaris.com" rel="nofollow"&gt;AmySedaris.com&lt;/a&gt;, "I Like You: Hospitality Under the Influence" by Amy Sedaris&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.papermag.com/?section=article&amp;amp;parid=317" class="external text" title="http://www.papermag.com/?section=article&amp;amp;parid=317" rel="nofollow"&gt;November 2001 interview&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;i&gt;Paper&lt;/i&gt; magazine&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5508394" class="external text" title="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5508394" rel="nofollow"&gt;NPR's Weekend Edition&lt;/a&gt; interview with Amy Sedaris&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.thisamericanlife.org/Radio_Episode.aspx?sched=627" class="external autonumber" title="http://www.thisamericanlife.org/Radio_Episode.aspx?sched=627" rel="nofollow"&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt; This American Life Episode 35 narrating a story with her brother, David Sedaris.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://ontheinside.info/amy-sedaris" class="external text" title="http://ontheinside.info/amy-sedaris" rel="nofollow"&gt;Amy Sedaris&lt;/a&gt; shares her favorite NY places at &lt;a href="http://ontheinside.info/" class="external text" title="http://ontheinside.info" rel="nofollow"&gt;ontheinside.info&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;   &lt;!--  NewPP limit report Preprocessor node count: 423/1000000 Post-expand include size: 1934/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 782/2048000 bytes Expensive parser function count: 0/500 --&gt;  &lt;!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:408480-0!1!0!default!!en!2 and timestamp 20080830033501 --&gt; 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      &lt;h3 id="siteSub"&gt;From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia&lt;/h3&gt;    &lt;div id="contentSub"&gt;  (Redirected from &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John_edwards&amp;amp;redirect=no" title="John edwards"&gt;John edwards&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;          &lt;div id="jump-to-nav"&gt;Jump to: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#column-one"&gt;navigation&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#searchInput"&gt;search&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;   &lt;!-- start content --&gt;    &lt;div class="metadata plainlinks" id="protected-icon" style="position: absolute; z-index: 100; right: 55px; top: 10px;"&gt; &lt;div style="position: relative;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected indefinitely in response to an ongoing high risk of vandalism."&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="dablink"&gt;This article is about the American attorney and politician. For other people, see &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards_%28disambiguation%29" title="John Edwards (disambiguation)"&gt;John Edwards (disambiguation)&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;table class="infobox vcard" style="margin-top: 1px; width: 23em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.5em; padding-right: 0.5em;"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" class="fn" style="text-align: center; font-size: 140%; font-weight: bold;"&gt; &lt;div class="imagemap-inline"&gt;&lt;span class="fn"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Edwards,_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg" class="image" title="John Edwards"&gt;&lt;img alt="John Edwards" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg/220px-John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg" width="220" border="0" height="282" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;small&gt;Edwards during his first term, 1999–2003&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 110%;"&gt; &lt;hr /&gt; &lt;div style="background: lavender none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; font-weight: bold;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate"&gt;United States Senator&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;from &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina"&gt;North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: medium none; text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;In office&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_6" title="January 6"&gt;January 6&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999" title="1999"&gt;1999&lt;/a&gt; – &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_3" title="January 3"&gt;January 3&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005"&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Preceded by&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauch_Faircloth" title="Lauch Faircloth"&gt;Lauch Faircloth&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Succeeded by&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Burr" title="Richard Burr"&gt;Richard Burr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2"&gt; &lt;hr /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Born&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10" title="June 10"&gt;June 10&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953" title="1953"&gt;1953&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="display: none;"&gt;(&lt;span class="bday"&gt;1953-06-10&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="noprint"&gt;(age 55)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca,_South_Carolina" title="Seneca, South Carolina"&gt;Seneca&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina"&gt;South Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Nationality&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;American&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Political party&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Democratic Party (United States)"&gt;Democratic&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Spouse&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Edwards" title="Elizabeth Edwards"&gt;Elizabeth Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater"&gt;Alma mater&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina_State_University" title="North Carolina State University"&gt;North Carolina State University&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"&gt;University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Profession&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney" title="Attorney" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Attorney&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politician" title="Politician"&gt;Politician&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Religion&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Methodist_Church" title="United Methodist Church"&gt;United Methodist&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th&gt;Signature&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:JRE_Signature.jpg" class="image" title="John Edwards's signature"&gt;&lt;img alt="John Edwards's signature" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/JRE_Signature.jpg/128px-JRE_Signature.jpg" width="128" border="0" height="33" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Johnny Reid "John" Edwards&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-0" title=""&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; (born &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10" title="June 10"&gt;June 10&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953" title="1953"&gt;1953&lt;/a&gt;) is an American politician who served one term as &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate"&gt;U.S. Senator&lt;/a&gt; from &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina"&gt;North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;. He was the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Democratic Party (United States)"&gt;Democratic&lt;/a&gt; nominee for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States"&gt;Vice President&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2004" title="United States presidential election, 2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;, and was a candidate for the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="United States presidential election, 2008"&gt;2008 Democratic presidential nomination&lt;/a&gt; through the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_primaries,_2008" title="Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008"&gt;January primaries&lt;/a&gt;, until dropping out, and later endorsing &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate"&gt;Senator&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama"&gt;Barack Obama&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;He defeated incumbent &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Republican Party (United States)"&gt;Republican&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauch_Faircloth" title="Lauch Faircloth"&gt;Lauch Faircloth&lt;/a&gt; in North Carolina's &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate_elections,_1998" title="United States Senate elections, 1998"&gt;1998 Senate election&lt;/a&gt; and toward the end of his six-year term sought the Democratic presidential nomination in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2004" title="United States presidential election, 2004"&gt;2004 presidential election&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;He eventually became the 2004 Democratic candidate for Vice President, the running mate of presidential nominee Senator &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry"&gt;John Kerry&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts"&gt;Massachusetts&lt;/a&gt;. After Edwards and Kerry lost the election to incumbents &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush"&gt;George W. Bush&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney"&gt;Dick Cheney&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards began working full time at the One America Committee, a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_action_committee" title="Political action committee"&gt;political action committee&lt;/a&gt; he established in 2001, and was appointed director of the Center on Poverty, Work and Opportunity at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"&gt;University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_School_of_Law" title="University of North Carolina School of Law"&gt;School of Law&lt;/a&gt;. He was also a consultant for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortress_Investment_Group" title="Fortress Investment Group"&gt;Fortress Investment Group&lt;/a&gt; LLC.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;div id="toctitle"&gt; &lt;h2&gt;Contents&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;span class="toctoggle"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink"&gt;hide&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#Early_life.2C_education.2C_and_family"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Early life, education, and family&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#Legal_career"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Legal career&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#Senate_career"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Senate career&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#2004_presidential_campaign"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;2004 presidential campaign&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#2004_vice_presidential_nomination"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;2004 vice presidential nomination&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#Post-Senate_activities"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Post-Senate activities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#2008_presidential_campaign"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;2008 presidential campaign&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#Political_positions"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Political positions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#Extramarital_affair"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Extramarital affair&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#Electoral_history"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;9&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Electoral history&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#Bibliography"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Bibliography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#See_also"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;11&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;See also&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#References"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;12&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#External_links"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;13&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; //&lt;![CDATA[  if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); }  //]]&gt; &lt;/script&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Early_life.2C_education.2C_and_family" id="Early_life.2C_education.2C_and_family"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Early life, education, and family&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;Edwards was born &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10" title="June 10"&gt;June 10&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953" title="1953"&gt;1953&lt;/a&gt; to Wallace Reid Edwards and Catharine Juanita "Bobbie" Edwards (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9e" title="Née" class="mw-redirect"&gt;née&lt;/a&gt; Wade) in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca,_South_Carolina" title="Seneca, South Carolina"&gt;Seneca&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina"&gt;South Carolina&lt;/a&gt;. The family moved several times during Edwards' childhood, eventually settling in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robbins,_North_Carolina" title="Robbins, North Carolina"&gt;Robbins, North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;, where his father worked as a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textile_mill" title="Textile mill"&gt;textile mill&lt;/a&gt; floor worker, eventually promoted to supervisor; his mother had a roadside antique finishing business and then worked as a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mail" title="Mail"&gt;postal letter carrier&lt;/a&gt; when his father left his job.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-from_mill_town_1-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-from_mill_town-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;A football star in high school,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-2" title=""&gt;[3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Edwards was the first person in his family to attend college. He attended &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clemson_University" title="Clemson University"&gt;Clemson University&lt;/a&gt; and transferred to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Carolina_State_University" title="North Carolina State University"&gt;North Carolina State University&lt;/a&gt;. Edwards graduated with high honors earning a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree"&gt;bachelor's degree&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href="http://www.tx.ncsu.edu/departments/tatm/text_tech_degree.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.tx.ncsu.edu/departments/tatm/text_tech_degree.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;textile technology&lt;/a&gt; in 1974, and later earned his &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor"&gt;Juris Doctor&lt;/a&gt; from the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"&gt;University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill&lt;/a&gt; (UNC) with honors.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;While at UNC, he met &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Edwards" title="Elizabeth Edwards"&gt;Elizabeth Anania&lt;/a&gt;, who is four years his senior. They married in 1977 and eventually had four children (Wade in 1979, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cate_Edwards" title="Cate Edwards"&gt;Cate&lt;/a&gt; in 1982, Emma Claire in 1998, and Jack in 2000). Their son Wade was killed in a car accident when strong winds swept his Jeep off a North Carolina highway in 1996. Three weeks before his death, Wade Edwards was honored by First Lady &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Hillary Clinton&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_White_House" title="The White House" class="mw-redirect"&gt;The White House&lt;/a&gt; as one of the 10 finalists in an essay contest sponsored by the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Humanities" title="National Endowment for the Humanities"&gt;National Endowment for the Humanities&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voice_of_America" title="Voice of America"&gt;Voice of America&lt;/a&gt; for an essay he wrote on entering the voting booth with his father.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-FoxNewsWade_3-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-FoxNewsWade-3" title=""&gt;[4]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Wade, accompanied by his parents and sister, went on to meet North Carolina Sen. &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms"&gt;Jesse Helms&lt;/a&gt;, who entered Wade's essay and his obituary into the congressional record.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Helms_eulogy_4-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Helms_eulogy-4" title=""&gt;[5]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Edwards and his wife began the Wade Edwards Foundation in their son's memory; the purpose of the nonprofit organization is "to reward, encourage, and inspire young people in the pursuit of excellence." The Foundation funded the Wade Edwards Learning Lab at Wade's high school, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broughton_High_School" title="Broughton High School"&gt;Broughton High School&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina"&gt;Raleigh&lt;/a&gt;, along with scholarship competitions and essay awards. &lt;sup id="cite_ref-WadeFoundation_5-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-WadeFoundation-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_3" title="November 3"&gt;November 3&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;, Elizabeth Edwards revealed that she had been diagnosed with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer" title="Breast cancer"&gt;breast cancer&lt;/a&gt;. She was treated via &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemotherapy" title="Chemotherapy"&gt;chemotherapy&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiotherapy" title="Radiotherapy" class="mw-redirect"&gt;radiotherapy&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-6" title=""&gt;[7]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and continued to work within the Democratic Party and her husband's &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_America_Committee" title="One America Committee" class="mw-redirect"&gt;One America Committee&lt;/a&gt;. On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_22" title="March 22"&gt;March 22&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;, during his campaign for the 2008 Democratic nomination for the presidency, Edwards and his wife announced that her cancer had returned; she was diagnosed with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_staging" title="Cancer staging"&gt;stage IV&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breast_cancer" title="Breast cancer"&gt;breast cancer&lt;/a&gt;, with newly discovered &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metastasis" title="Metastasis"&gt;metastases&lt;/a&gt; to the bone and possibly to her lung.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-pressconference_7-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-pressconference-7" title=""&gt;[8]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-8" title=""&gt;[9]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; They said that the cancer was "no longer curable, but is completely treatable"&lt;sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-9" title=""&gt;[10]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and that they planned to continue campaigning together with an occasional break when she requires treatment.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Elizabethhealth_10-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Elizabethhealth-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-pressconference_7-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-pressconference-7" title=""&gt;[8]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Legal_career" id="Legal_career"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Legal career&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="thumb tleft"&gt; &lt;div class="thumbinner" style="width: 142px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Four_Trials.jpg" class="image" title="Four Trials by John Edwards"&gt;&lt;img alt="Four Trials by John Edwards" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8c/Four_Trials.jpg/140px-Four_Trials.jpg" class="thumbimage" width="140" border="0" height="212" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class="thumbcaption"&gt; &lt;div class="magnify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Four_Trials.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"&gt;&lt;img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Trials" title="Four Trials"&gt;Four Trials&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; by John Edwards&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;After law school, Edwards &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_clerk" title="Law clerk"&gt;clerked&lt;/a&gt; for a federal judge and in 1978 became an associate at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee"&gt;Nashville&lt;/a&gt; law firm of Dearborn &amp;amp; Ewing, doing primarily trial work, defending a Nashville bank and other corporate clients. The Edwards family returned to North Carolina in 1981, settling in the capital of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina"&gt;Raleigh&lt;/a&gt; where he joined the firm of Tharrington, Smith &amp;amp; Hargrove.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-EdwardsTrialWork-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 1984 Edwards was assigned to a medical malpractice lawsuit that had been perceived to be unwinnable; the firm had only accepted it as a favor to an attorney and state senator who did not want to keep it. Nevertheless, Edwards won a $3.7 million verdict on behalf of his client, who had suffered permanent brain and nerve damage after a doctor prescribed a drug overdose of the anti-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholism" title="Alcoholism"&gt;alcoholism&lt;/a&gt; drug &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antabuse" title="Antabuse" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Antabuse&lt;/a&gt; during alcohol aversion therapy.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-findlaw_12-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-findlaw-12" title=""&gt;[13]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; In other cases, Edwards sued the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross"&gt;American Red Cross&lt;/a&gt; three times, alleging transmission of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIDS" title="AIDS"&gt;AIDS&lt;/a&gt; through tainted blood products, resulting in a confidential settlement each time, and defended a North Carolina newspaper against a libel charge.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-EdwardsTrialWork-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 1985, Edwards represented a five-year-old child born with cerebral palsy whose doctor did not choose to perform an immediate &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caesarean_section" title="Caesarean section"&gt;Caesarean delivery&lt;/a&gt; when a fetal monitor showed she was in distress. Edwards won a $6.5 million verdict for his client, but five weeks later, the presiding judge sustained the verdict but overturned the award on grounds that it was "excessive" and that it appeared "to have been given under the influence of passion and prejudice," adding that in his opinion "the evidence was insufficient to support the verdict." He offered the plaintiffs $3.25 million, half of the jury's award, but the child's family appealed the case and received $4.25 million in a settlement.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-EdwardsTrialWork-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Winning this case established the North Carolina precedent of physician and hospital liability for failing to determine if the patient understood the risks of a particular procedure.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-findlaw_12-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-findlaw-12" title=""&gt;[13]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;After this trial, Edwards gained national attention as a plaintiff's lawyer. He filed at least twenty similar lawsuits in the years following and achieved verdicts and settlements of more than $60 million for his clients. These successful lawsuits were followed by similar ones across the country. When asked about an increase in Caesarean deliveries nationwide, perhaps to avoid similar medical malpractice lawsuits, Edwards said, "The question is, would you rather have cases where that happens instead of having cases where you don't intervene and a child either becomes disabled for life or dies in utero?"&lt;sup id="cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-EdwardsTrialWork-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 1993, Edwards began his own firm in Raleigh (now named &lt;a href="http://www.kirby-holt.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.kirby-holt.com/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kirby &amp;amp; Holt&lt;/a&gt;) with a friend, David Kirby. He became known as the top plaintiffs' attorney in North Carolina.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-EdwardsTrialWork-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The biggest case of his legal career was a 1997 product liability lawsuit against Sta-Rite, the manufacturer of a defective pool drain cover. The case involved Valerie Lakey, a five-year-old girl&lt;sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-13" title=""&gt;[14]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; who was disemboweled by the suction power of the pool drain pump when she sat on an open pool drain whose protective cover other children at the pool had removed, after the swim club had failed to install the cover properly. Despite 12 prior suits with similar claims, Sta-Rite continued to make and sell drain covers lacking warnings. Sta-Rite protested that an additional warning would have made no difference because the pool owners already knew the importance of keeping the cover secured.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In his closing arguments, Edwards spoke to the jury for an hour and a half and referenced his son, Wade, who had been killed shortly before testimony began. Mark Dayton, editor of &lt;i&gt;North Carolina Lawyers Weekly&lt;/i&gt;, would later call it "the most impressive legal performance I have ever seen."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-14" title=""&gt;[15]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The jury awarded the family $25 million, the largest personal injury award in North Carolina history. The company settled for the $25 million while the jury was deliberating additional &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punitive_damages" title="Punitive damages"&gt;punitive damages&lt;/a&gt;, rather than risk losing an appeal. For their part in this case, Edwards and law partner David Kirby earned the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Trial_Lawyers_of_America" title="Association of Trial Lawyers of America" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Association of Trial Lawyers of America&lt;/a&gt;'s national award for public service.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-findlaw_12-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-findlaw-12" title=""&gt;[13]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The family said that they hired Edwards over other attorneys because he alone had offered to accept a smaller percentage as fee unless the award was unexpectedly high, while all of the other lawyers they spoke with said they required the full one-third fee. The size of the jury award was unprecedented, and Edwards did receive the standard one-third plus expenses fee typical of contingency cases. The family was so impressed with his intelligence and commitment&lt;sup id="cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-EdwardsTrialWork-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; that they volunteered for his Senate campaign the next year.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;After Edwards won a large verdict against a trucking company whose worker had been involved in a fatal accident, the North Carolina legislature passed a law prohibiting such awards unless the employee's actions had been specifically sanctioned by the company.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-EdwardsTrialWork-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In December 2003, during his first presidential campaign, Edwards (with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Auchard" title="John Auchard"&gt;John Auchard&lt;/a&gt;) published &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Trials" title="Four Trials"&gt;Four Trials&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, a biographical book focusing on cases from his legal career. According to this book, the success of the Sta-Rite case and his son's death (Edwards had hoped his son would eventually join him in private law practice) prompted Edwards to leave the legal profession and seek public office.&lt;sup class="noprint Template-Fact"&gt;&lt;span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since August 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;[&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"&gt;citation needed&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Senate_career" id="Senate_career"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Senate career&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="thumb tright"&gt; &lt;div class="thumbinner" style="width: 142px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Edwards_on_Meet_The_Press.jpg" class="image" title="Senator Edwards on Meet The Press"&gt;&lt;img alt="Senator Edwards on Meet The Press" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/John_Edwards_on_Meet_The_Press.jpg/140px-John_Edwards_on_Meet_The_Press.jpg" class="thumbimage" width="140" border="0" height="216" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class="thumbcaption"&gt; &lt;div class="magnify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Edwards_on_Meet_The_Press.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"&gt;&lt;img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; Senator Edwards on &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meet_The_Press" title="Meet The Press" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Meet The Press&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;Edwards won election to the U.S. Senate in 1998 as a Democrat running against incumbent Republican Senator &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauch_Faircloth" title="Lauch Faircloth"&gt;Lauch Faircloth&lt;/a&gt;. Despite originally being the underdog, Edwards beat Faircloth by 51.2% to 47.0% — a margin of some 83,000 votes.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;During &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States"&gt;President&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton"&gt;Bill Clinton&lt;/a&gt;'s &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impeachment_of_Bill_Clinton" title="Impeachment of Bill Clinton"&gt;1999 impeachment trial in the Senate&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards was responsible for the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deposition_%28law%29" title="Deposition (law)"&gt;deposition&lt;/a&gt; of witnesses &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monica_Lewinsky" title="Monica Lewinsky"&gt;Monica Lewinsky&lt;/a&gt; and fellow Democrat &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernon_Jordan,_Jr." title="Vernon Jordan, Jr."&gt;Vernon Jordan, Jr.&lt;/a&gt; During the 2000 presidential campaign, Edwards was on Democratic nominee &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore"&gt;Al Gore&lt;/a&gt;'s vice presidential nominee "short list" (along with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry"&gt;John Kerry&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman"&gt;Joe Lieberman&lt;/a&gt;, Gore's eventual pick).&lt;sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-15" title=""&gt;[16]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In his time in the Senate, Edwards co-sponsored 203 bills.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-16" title=""&gt;[17]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Among them was Lieberman's 2002 &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War"&gt;Iraq War&lt;/a&gt; Resolution (S.J.Res.46), which he co-sponsored along with 15 other senators, but which did not go to a vote;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-17" title=""&gt;[18]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; he voted for replacement resolution (H.J Res. 114) in the full Senate to authorize the use of military force against Iraq, which passed by a vote of 77 to 23,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-18" title=""&gt;[19]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; saying on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_10" title="October 10"&gt;October 10&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002" title="2002"&gt;2002&lt;/a&gt; that "Almost no one disagrees with these basic facts: that Saddam Hussein is a tyrant and a menace; that he has weapons of mass destruction and that he is doing everything in his power to get nuclear weapons; that he has supported terrorists; that he is a grave threat to the region, to vital allies like &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"&gt;Israel&lt;/a&gt;, and to the United States; and that he is thwarting the will of the international community and undermining the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations"&gt;United Nations&lt;/a&gt;' credibility."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-19" title=""&gt;[20]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He defended his vote on an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_10" title="October 10"&gt;October 10&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt; appearance on &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meet_the_Press" title="Meet the Press"&gt;Meet the Press&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, saying "I would have voted for the resolution knowing what I know today, because it was the right thing to do to give the president the authority to confront &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein"&gt;Saddam Hussein&lt;/a&gt;...I think Saddam Hussein was a very serious threat. I stand by that, and that's why [John Kerry and I] stand behind our vote on the resolution".&lt;sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-20" title=""&gt;[21]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; However, he subsequently changed his mind about the war and apologized for that military authorization vote. Edwards also voted in favor of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patriot_Act" title="Patriot Act" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Patriot Act&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Among other positions, Edwards was generally &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-choice" title="Pro-choice"&gt;pro-choice&lt;/a&gt; and supported &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirmative_action" title="Affirmative action"&gt;affirmative action&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States" title="Capital punishment in the United States"&gt;death penalty&lt;/a&gt;. One of his first sponsored bills was the &lt;i&gt;Fragile X Research Breakthrough Act of 1999&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-21" title=""&gt;[22]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He was also the first person to introduce comprehensive anti-spyware legislation with the &lt;i&gt;Spyware Control and Privacy Protection Act&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-22" title=""&gt;[23]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He advocated rolling back the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush"&gt;Bush administration&lt;/a&gt;'s tax cuts and ending mandatory minimum sentencing for non-violent offenders.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-ontheissues_23-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-ontheissues-23" title=""&gt;[24]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Edwards generally supported expanding legal immigration to the United States while working with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"&gt;Mexico&lt;/a&gt; to provide better border security and stop illegal trafficking.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-ontheissues_23-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-ontheissues-23" title=""&gt;[24]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-24" title=""&gt;[25]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Edwards served on the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Senate_Select_Committee_on_Intelligence" title="U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence" class="mw-redirect"&gt;U.S. Senate Select Committee on Intelligence&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Senate_Committee_on_Judiciary" title="U.S. Senate Committee on Judiciary" class="mw-redirect"&gt;U.S. Senate Committee on Judiciary&lt;/a&gt;, and was a member of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Democrat_Coalition" title="New Democrat Coalition"&gt;New Democrat Coalition&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Before the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate_elections,_2004" title="United States Senate elections, 2004"&gt;2004 Senate election&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards announced his retirement from the Senate and supported &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erskine_Bowles" title="Erskine Bowles"&gt;Erskine Bowles&lt;/a&gt;, former &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff"&gt;White House Chief of Staff&lt;/a&gt;, as the successor to his seat; Bowles, however, was defeated by Republican &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Burr" title="Richard Burr"&gt;Richard Burr&lt;/a&gt; in the election.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="2004_presidential_campaign"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;2004 presidential campaign&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt; &lt;div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main article: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2004" title="United States presidential election, 2004"&gt;United States presidential election, 2004&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 2000, Edwards unofficially began his presidential campaign when he began to seek speaking engagements in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa"&gt;Iowa&lt;/a&gt;, the site of the nation's &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_caucuses" title="Iowa caucuses"&gt;first party caucuses&lt;/a&gt;. On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_2" title="January 2"&gt;January 2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards began &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundraising" title="Fundraising"&gt;fundraising&lt;/a&gt; without officially campaigning by forming an exploratory committee. On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_15" title="September 15"&gt;September 15&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards fulfilled a promise he made a year earlier as a guest on &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Daily_Show_with_Jon_Stewart" title="The Daily Show with Jon Stewart" class="mw-redirect"&gt;The Daily Show with Jon Stewart&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; to unofficially announce his intention to seek the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_primaries,_2004" title="Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2004"&gt;2004 Democratic Presidential nomination&lt;/a&gt;. The next morning, Edwards made the announcement officially from his hometown. He declined to run for reelection to the Senate in order to focus on his presidential run. Edwards' campaign was chaired by North Carolina Democratic activist &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed_Turlington" title="Ed Turlington"&gt;Ed Turlington&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;As Edwards had been building support essentially since his election to the Senate, he led the initial campaign fundraising, amassing over $7 million during the first quarter of 2003 – more than half of which came from individuals associated with the legal profession, particularly Edwards' fellow trial lawyers, their families, and employees.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-25" title=""&gt;[26]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Edwards' "stump speech" spoke of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Americas" title="Two Americas"&gt;two Americas&lt;/a&gt;, with one composed of the wealthy and privileged, and the other of the hard-working common man,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-26" title=""&gt;[27]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; causing the media to often characterize Edwards as a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populism" title="Populism"&gt;populist&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-27" title=""&gt;[28]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-28" title=""&gt;[29]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Edwards struggled to gain substantial support, but his poll numbers began to rise steadily weeks before the Iowa caucuses. Edwards had a surprising second place finish with the support of 32% of delegates, behind only &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry"&gt;John Kerry&lt;/a&gt;'s 39% and ahead of former front-runner &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean"&gt;Howard Dean&lt;/a&gt; at 18%. One week later in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshire_primary" title="New Hampshire primary"&gt;New Hampshire primary&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards finished in fourth place behind Kerry, Dean and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesley_Clark" title="Wesley Clark"&gt;Wesley Clark&lt;/a&gt;, with 12%. During the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_3" title="February 3"&gt;February 3&lt;/a&gt; primaries, Edwards won the South Carolina primary,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-29" title=""&gt;[30]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; lost to Clark in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma" title="Oklahoma"&gt;Oklahoma&lt;/a&gt;, and lost to Kerry in the other states. Edwards garnered the second largest number of second-place finishes, again falling behind Clark.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-30" title=""&gt;[31]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div class="thumb tleft"&gt; &lt;div class="thumbinner" style="width: 182px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John-Edwards-Shakes-Hands.jpg" class="image" title="Edwards on the campaign trail in 2004"&gt;&lt;img alt="Edwards on the campaign trail in 2004" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/John-Edwards-Shakes-Hands.jpg/180px-John-Edwards-Shakes-Hands.jpg" class="thumbimage" width="180" border="0" height="120" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class="thumbcaption"&gt; &lt;div class="magnify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John-Edwards-Shakes-Hands.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"&gt;&lt;img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; Edwards on the campaign trail in 2004&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;Dean withdrew from the contest, leaving Edwards the only major challenger to Kerry. In the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin"&gt;Wisconsin&lt;/a&gt; primary on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_17" title="February 17"&gt;February 17&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards finished second to Kerry with 34% of the vote.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Edwards largely avoided attacking Kerry until a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_29" title="February 29"&gt;February 29&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt; debate in New York, where he characterized him as a "Washington insider" and mocked Kerry's plan to form a committee to examine &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_agreement" title="Trade agreement" class="mw-redirect"&gt;trade agreements&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Tuesday" title="Super Tuesday"&gt;Super Tuesday&lt;/a&gt; primaries on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_2" title="March 2"&gt;March 2&lt;/a&gt;, Kerry finished well ahead in nine of the ten states voting, and Edwards' campaign ended. In &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_%28U.S._state%29" title="Georgia (U.S. state)"&gt;Georgia&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards finished only slightly behind Kerry but, failing to win a single state, chose to withdraw from the race. He announced his official withdrawal at a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Raleigh, North Carolina"&gt;Raleigh, North Carolina&lt;/a&gt; press conference on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_3" title="March 3"&gt;March 3&lt;/a&gt;. Edwards' withdrawal made major media outlets relatively early on the evening of Super Tuesday, at about 6:30 p.m. CST, before polls had closed in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California"&gt;California&lt;/a&gt; and before caucuses in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota"&gt;Minnesota&lt;/a&gt; had even begun. It is thought that the withdrawal influenced many people in Minnesota to vote for other candidates, which may partially account for the strong Minnesota finish of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich" title="Dennis Kucinich"&gt;Dennis Kucinich&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup class="noprint Inline-Template"&gt;&lt;span title="The material in the vicinity of this tag may be based upon unreliable original research since September 2007" style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;[&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research"&gt;original research?&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Edwards did win the presidential &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw_poll" title="Straw poll"&gt;straw poll&lt;/a&gt; conducted by the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence_Party_of_Minnesota" title="Independence Party of Minnesota"&gt;Independence Party of Minnesota&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;After withdrawing from the race, he went on to win the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_17" title="April 17"&gt;April 17&lt;/a&gt; Democratic caucuses in his home state of North Carolina,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-31" title=""&gt;[32]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; making him the only Democratic candidate besides Kerry to win nominating contests in two states.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="2004_vice_presidential_nomination"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;2004 vice presidential nomination&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt; &lt;div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main article: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry_presidential_campaign,_2004" title="John Kerry presidential campaign, 2004"&gt;John Kerry presidential campaign, 2004&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;div class="thumb tright"&gt; &lt;div class="thumbinner" style="width: 182px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Kerryedwards.JPG" class="image" title="Kerry/Edwards campaign logo"&gt;&lt;img alt="Kerry/Edwards campaign logo" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/0a/Kerryedwards.JPG/180px-Kerryedwards.JPG" class="thumbimage" width="180" border="0" height="115" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class="thumbcaption"&gt; &lt;div class="magnify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Kerryedwards.JPG" class="internal" title="Enlarge"&gt;&lt;img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; Kerry/Edwards campaign logo&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6" title="July 6"&gt;July 6&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt; Kerry announced that Edwards would be his running mate; the decision was widely hailed in public opinion polls and by Democratic leaders. Though many Democrats supported Edwards' nomination, others criticized the selection for Edwards' perceived lack of experience. The nomination caused the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Chamber_of_Commerce" title="United States Chamber of Commerce"&gt;Chamber of Commerce&lt;/a&gt; network to throw its support to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush"&gt;George W. Bush&lt;/a&gt; because of Edwards' opposition to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tort_reform_in_the_United_States" title="Tort reform in the United States"&gt;tort reform&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-32" title=""&gt;[33]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; In the vice presidential debate, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney"&gt;Dick Cheney&lt;/a&gt; incorrectly told Edwards they never met because of Edwards' frequent absences from the Senate. The media later found at least one videotape of Cheney and Edwards meeting.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Kerry's campaign advisor &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Shrum" title="Bob Shrum"&gt;Bob Shrum&lt;/a&gt; later reported in &lt;i&gt;Time&lt;/i&gt; magazine that Kerry said he wished he'd never picked Edwards, and the two have since stopped speaking to each other.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-33" title=""&gt;[34]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Edwards said in his concession speech, "You can be disappointed, but you cannot walk away. This fight has just begun."&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Post-Senate_activities" id="Post-Senate_activities"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Post-Senate activities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;The day after his concession speech, he announced his wife Elizabeth had been diagnosed with breast cancer. Edwards told interviewer &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_King" title="Larry King"&gt;Larry King&lt;/a&gt; that he doubted he would return to practice as a trial lawyer and showed no interest in succeeding &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_McAuliffe" title="Terry McAuliffe"&gt;Terry McAuliffe&lt;/a&gt; as the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_National_Committee" title="Democratic National Committee"&gt;Democratic National Committee&lt;/a&gt; chairman.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In February 2005, Edwards headlined the "100 Club" Dinner, a major fundraiser for the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire"&gt;New Hampshire&lt;/a&gt; Democratic Party. That same month, Edwards was appointed as director of the Center on Poverty, Work and Opportunity at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill" title="University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"&gt;University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill&lt;/a&gt; for studying ways to move people out of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poverty" title="Poverty"&gt;poverty&lt;/a&gt;. That fall, Edwards toured ten major universities in order to promote "Opportunity Rocks!", a program aimed at getting youth involved to fight poverty.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_21" title="March 21"&gt;March 21&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005"&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards recorded his first &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcast" title="Podcast"&gt;podcast&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-34" title=""&gt;[35]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Anania_Edwards" title="Elizabeth Anania Edwards" class="mw-redirect"&gt;his wife&lt;/a&gt;. Several months later, in August, Edwards delivered an address to a potential key supporter in the Iowa caucus, the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AFL-CIO" title="AFL-CIO"&gt;AFL-CIO&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterloo,_Iowa" title="Waterloo, Iowa"&gt;Waterloo, Iowa&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In the following month, Edwards sent an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email" title="Email" class="mw-redirect"&gt;email&lt;/a&gt; to his supporters and announced that he opposed the nomination of Judge &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_G._Roberts" title="John G. Roberts"&gt;John G. Roberts&lt;/a&gt; to become &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_the_United_States" title="Chief Justice of the United States"&gt;Chief Justice of the United States&lt;/a&gt;. He was also opposed to the nomination of Justice &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito"&gt;Samuel Alito&lt;/a&gt; as an Associate Justice and Judge Charles Pickering's appointment to the Federal bench.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;During the summer and fall of 2005, he visited &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeless_shelter" title="Homeless shelter"&gt;homeless shelters&lt;/a&gt; and job training centers and spoke at events organized by &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Community_Organizations_for_Reform_Now" title="Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now"&gt;ACORN&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Colored_People" title="National Association for the Advancement of Colored People"&gt;NAACP&lt;/a&gt; and the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_Employees_International_Union" title="Service Employees International Union"&gt;SEIU&lt;/a&gt;. He spoke in favor of an expansion of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earned_income_tax_credit" title="Earned income tax credit"&gt;earned income tax credit&lt;/a&gt;, a crackdown on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predatory_lending" title="Predatory lending"&gt;predatory lending&lt;/a&gt;, an increase in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_gains_tax" title="Capital gains tax"&gt;capital gains tax&lt;/a&gt; rate, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_8_%28housing%29" title="Section 8 (housing)"&gt;housing vouchers&lt;/a&gt; for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minority_group" title="Minority group"&gt;racial minorities&lt;/a&gt; (to integrate upper-income neighborhoods), and a program modeled on the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Works_Progress_Administration" title="Works Progress Administration"&gt;Works Progress Administration&lt;/a&gt; to rehabilitate the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Coast_of_the_United_States" title="Gulf Coast of the United States"&gt;Gulf Coast&lt;/a&gt; following &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina"&gt;Hurricane Katrina&lt;/a&gt;. In &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greene_County,_North_Carolina" title="Greene County, North Carolina"&gt;Greene County, North Carolina&lt;/a&gt; he unveiled the pilot program for College for Everyone, an educational measure he promised during his presidential campaign, in which prospective college students would receive a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scholarship" title="Scholarship"&gt;scholarship&lt;/a&gt; for their first year in exchange for ten hours of work a week. The College for Everyone program was cancelled in July 2008.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-35" title=""&gt;[36]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Edwards was co-chair of a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_on_Foreign_Relations" title="Council on Foreign Relations"&gt;Council on Foreign Relations&lt;/a&gt; task force on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia-United_States_relations" title="Russia-United States relations" class="mw-redirect"&gt;United States-Russia relations&lt;/a&gt; alongside Republican &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp"&gt;Jack Kemp&lt;/a&gt;, a former congressman, Cabinet official and vice presidential nominee.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-36" title=""&gt;[37]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The task force issued its report in March 2006.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-37" title=""&gt;[38]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_12" title="July 12"&gt;July 12&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;i&gt;International Herald Tribune&lt;/i&gt; published a related &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op-ed" title="Op-ed"&gt;op-ed&lt;/a&gt; by Edwards and Kemp.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-38" title=""&gt;[39]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_6" title="April 6"&gt;April 6&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards joined &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy"&gt;Ted Kennedy&lt;/a&gt; at a rally for raising the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimum_wage" title="Minimum wage"&gt;minimum wage&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-39" title=""&gt;[40]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In October 2005, Edwards joined the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wall_Street" title="Wall Street"&gt;Wall Street&lt;/a&gt; investment firm &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortress_Investment_Group" title="Fortress Investment Group"&gt;Fortress Investment Group&lt;/a&gt; as a senior adviser, later working with them as a consultant.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-40" title=""&gt;[41]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Unknown to Edwards,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Fortress_41-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Fortress-41" title=""&gt;[42]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Fortress owned a major stake in Green Tree Servicing LLC, which rose to prominence in the 1990s selling subprime loans to mobile-home owners and now services subprime loans originated by others. Subprime loans allow buyers with poor credit histories to be funded, but they charge higher rates because of the risk, and sometimes carry hidden fees and increased charges over time.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Fortress_41-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Fortress-41" title=""&gt;[42]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; In August 2007, &lt;i&gt;The Wall Street Journal&lt;/i&gt; reported that a portion of the Edwards family's assets were invested in Fortress Investment Group, which had, in turn, invested a portion of its assets in subprime mortgage lenders, some of which had foreclosed on the homes of Hurricane Katrina victims.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-42" title=""&gt;[43]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Upon learning of Fortress' investments, Edwards divested funds and stated that he would try to help the affected families.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-44" title=""&gt;[45]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Edwards later helped set up an ACORN-administered "Louisiana Home Rescue Fund" seeded with $100,000, much of it from his pocket, to provide loans and grants to the families who were foreclosed on by Fortress-owned lenders.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-45" title=""&gt;[46]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="2008_presidential_campaign"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;2008 presidential campaign&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt; &lt;div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main article: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="John Edwards presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;John Edwards presidential campaign, 2008&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;div class="thumb tright"&gt; &lt;div class="thumbinner" style="width: 182px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Edwards_Pittsburgh_2007.jpg" class="image" title="John Edwards campaigning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on Labor Day in 2007"&gt;&lt;img alt="John Edwards campaigning in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on Labor Day in 2007" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/John_Edwards_Pittsburgh_2007.jpg/180px-John_Edwards_Pittsburgh_2007.jpg" class="thumbimage" width="180" border="0" height="120" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class="thumbcaption"&gt; &lt;div class="magnify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Edwards_Pittsburgh_2007.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"&gt;&lt;img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; John Edwards campaigning in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania" title="Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"&gt;Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania&lt;/a&gt; on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labor_Day" title="Labor Day"&gt;Labor Day&lt;/a&gt; in 2007&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_28" title="December 28"&gt;December 28&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;, John Edwards officially announced his candidacy for President in the 2008 election from the yard of a home in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana" title="New Orleans, Louisiana"&gt;New Orleans&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana"&gt;Louisiana&lt;/a&gt; that was being rebuilt after it was destroyed by &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Katrina" title="Hurricane Katrina"&gt;Hurricane Katrina&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-46" title=""&gt;[47]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-47" title=""&gt;[48]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Edwards stated that his main goals were eliminating poverty, fighting &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming" title="Global warming"&gt;global warming&lt;/a&gt;, providing &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care"&gt;universal health care&lt;/a&gt;, and withdrawing troops from Iraq.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-48" title=""&gt;[49]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;National polls had Edwards placing third among the Democratic field beginning in January 2007, behind Senator &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Hillary Clinton&lt;/a&gt; and Senator &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama"&gt;Barack Obama&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-49" title=""&gt;[50]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; By July 2007, the Edwards campaign had raised a total of $23 million from nearly 100,000 donors, placing him behind Obama and Clinton in fundraising.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-50" title=""&gt;[51]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Also in 2007, another defective pool drain-related accident similar to the one that disemboweled Valerie Lakey (see "Legal career" above) occurred in Minnesota. The victim was six-year old &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abigail_Taylor" title="Abigail Taylor"&gt;Abigail Taylor&lt;/a&gt;. Edwards pushed to have federal pool safety strengthened and played a part in the passage of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Virginia_Baker_Pool_Safety_Act&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia Baker Pool Safety Act (page does not exist)"&gt;Virginia Baker Pool Safety Act&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_3" title="January 3"&gt;January 3&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;, in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iowa_Democratic_caucuses,_2008" title="Iowa Democratic caucuses, 2008"&gt;Iowa caucuses&lt;/a&gt;, the first contest of the nomination process, Edwards placed second with 29.75 percent of the vote to Obama (37.58 percent), with Clinton coming in third with 29.47 percent of the vote.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-51" title=""&gt;[52]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_8" title="January 8"&gt;January 8&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards placed a distant third in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Hampshire_Democratic_primary" title="New Hampshire Democratic primary" class="mw-redirect"&gt;New Hampshire Democratic primary&lt;/a&gt; with just less than 17% (48,818 votes). On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_26" title="January 26"&gt;January 26&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards again placed third in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolina_Democratic_primary,_2008" title="South Carolina Democratic primary, 2008"&gt;primary in South Carolina&lt;/a&gt;, his birth state, which he carried in 2004, and he placed third in the non-binding &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_29" title="January 29"&gt;January 29&lt;/a&gt; vote in Florida.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;div class="thumb tleft"&gt; &lt;div class="thumbinner" style="width: 182px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Edwards_in_New_Orleans_2008.jpg" class="image" title="In a speech given at the Musicians' Village in New Orleans, Edwards announced his withdrawal from the 2008 United States presidential race."&gt;&lt;img alt="In a speech given at the Musicians' Village in New Orleans, Edwards announced his withdrawal from the 2008 United States presidential race." src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/John_Edwards_in_New_Orleans_2008.jpg/180px-John_Edwards_in_New_Orleans_2008.jpg" class="thumbimage" width="180" border="0" height="113" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;div class="thumbcaption"&gt; &lt;div class="magnify"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Edwards_in_New_Orleans_2008.jpg" class="internal" title="Enlarge"&gt;&lt;img src="http://en.wikipedia.org/skins-1.5/common/images/magnify-clip.png" alt="" width="15" height="11" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; In a speech given at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musicians%27_Village" title="Musicians' Village"&gt;Musicians' Village&lt;/a&gt; in New Orleans, Edwards announced his withdrawal from the 2008 United States presidential race.&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30"&gt;January 30&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards announced that he was suspending his campaign for the Presidency.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-CBSend_52-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-CBSend-52" title=""&gt;[53]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-53" title=""&gt;[54]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He did not initially endorse either Clinton or Obama, saying they both had pledged to carry forward his central campaign theme of ending poverty in America.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Globeend_54-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Globeend-54" title=""&gt;[55]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; In April 2008 he stated that he would not accept the 2008 Vice Presidential slot if asked.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-55" title=""&gt;[56]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_14" title="May 14"&gt;May 14&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards officially endorsed Senator Obama at a rally in Grand Rapids, Michigan&lt;sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-56" title=""&gt;[57]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_15" title="June 15"&gt;June 15&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;, Edwards stepped back from his initial outright denial of interest in the position of the Vice President, saying, ”I’d take anything he asks me to think about seriously, but obviously this is something that I’ve done and it’s not a job I’m seeking." &lt;sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-57" title=""&gt;[58]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;. On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_20" title="June 20"&gt;June 20&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;, The Associated Press reported that according to a member of the Congressional Black Caucus, the names of Edwards and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn"&gt;Sam Nunn&lt;/a&gt; were on Obama's vice presidential shortlist.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-58" title=""&gt;[59]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Political_positions" id="Political_positions"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Political positions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt; &lt;div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main article: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_positions_of_John_Edwards" title="Political positions of John Edwards"&gt;Political positions of John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;p&gt;Edwards promotes programs to eliminate poverty in the United States, including arguing in favor of creating one million housing vouchers over five years in order to place poor people in middle-class neighborhoods. Edwards has stated, "If we truly believe that we are all equal, then we should live together too."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-59" title=""&gt;[60]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He also supports "College for Everyone" initiatives.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Although Edwards initially supported the Iraq War, he later changed his position and in November 2005 wrote an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Op-Ed" title="Op-Ed" class="mw-redirect"&gt;op-ed&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post"&gt;The Washington Post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; in which he said he regretted voting for the Iraq War Resolution, and discussed three solutions for success in the conflict.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-WashpoOpEd_60-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-WashpoOpEd-60" title=""&gt;[61]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He has denounced the "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War_troop_surge_of_2007" title="Iraq War troop surge of 2007"&gt;troop surge&lt;/a&gt;" in Iraq, is a proponent of withdrawal, and has urged Congress to withhold funding for the war without a withdrawal timetable.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-61" title=""&gt;[62]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On social policy, Edwards supports abortion rights and has a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care"&gt;universal health care&lt;/a&gt; plan that requires all Americans to purchase health care insurance,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Healthcare_required_62-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Healthcare_required-62" title=""&gt;[63]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; "requires that everybody get preventive care,"&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Healthcare_preventive_63-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Healthcare_preventive-63" title=""&gt;[64]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and requires employers to provide health care insurance or be taxed to fund public health care.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Q.26A_64-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Q.26A-64" title=""&gt;[65]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He supports a pathway to citizenship for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illegal_immigrant" title="Illegal immigrant" class="mw-redirect"&gt;illegal immigrants&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Q.26A_64-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Q.26A-64" title=""&gt;[65]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; is opposed to a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_amendment" title="Constitutional amendment"&gt;constitutional amendment&lt;/a&gt; banning &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage"&gt;same-sex marriage&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Edwards_on_the_issues_65-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Edwards_on_the_issues-65" title=""&gt;[66]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and supports the repeal of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_of_Marriage_Act" title="Defense of Marriage Act"&gt;Defense of Marriage Act&lt;/a&gt; (DOMA).&lt;sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-66" title=""&gt;[67]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;He has endorsed efforts to slow down global warming&lt;sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-67" title=""&gt;[68]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and was the first presidential candidate to make his campaign &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_neutral" title="Carbon neutral"&gt;carbon neutral&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-68" title=""&gt;[69]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Extramarital_affair" id="Extramarital_affair"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Extramarital affair&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt; &lt;div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main article: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards_extramarital_affair" title="John Edwards extramarital affair"&gt;John Edwards extramarital affair&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;p&gt;In October 2007 &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_National_Enquirer" title="The National Enquirer"&gt;The National Enquirer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; began a series of reports alleging an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adultery" title="Adultery"&gt;adulterous affair&lt;/a&gt; between Edwards and former campaign worker &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rielle_Hunter" title="Rielle Hunter"&gt;Rielle Hunter&lt;/a&gt;. By July 2008, several news media outlets speculated that Edwards' chances for the vice presidency may have been harmed by the allegations, which now included that he fathered a child with Hunter and had visited her and the baby girl at the Beverly Hilton Hotel in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beverly_Hills,_California" title="Beverly Hills, California"&gt;Beverly Hills, California&lt;/a&gt;. However, the story was not widely covered by the press for some time,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-69" title=""&gt;[70]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; until an outright admission was made by Edwards himself. Edwards stated "I've responded, consistently, to these tabloid allegations by saying I don't respond to these lies and you know that."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-MC073108_70-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-MC073108-70" title=""&gt;[71]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-FoxNews_71-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-FoxNews-71" title=""&gt;[72]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-RT080108_72-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-RT080108-72" title=""&gt;[73]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Independent_73-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Independent-73" title=""&gt;[74]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-TheTimes1_74-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-TheTimes1-74" title=""&gt;[75]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;However, in an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8" title="August 8"&gt;August 8&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt; statement,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-Aug8statement_75-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-Aug8statement-75" title=""&gt;[76]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and an interview with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Woodruff" title="Bob Woodruff"&gt;Bob Woodruff&lt;/a&gt; of ABC News, Edwards admitted the affair with Hunter in 2006 but denied being the father of her child. He acknowledged that he had been dishonest in denying the entire &lt;i&gt;Enquirer&lt;/i&gt; story, admitting that some of it was true, but said that the affair ended long before the time of the child's conception. He further said he was willing to take a paternity test but Hunter responded that she would not be party to a DNA test "now or in the future."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-76" title=""&gt;[77]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; A campaign aide, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Young_%28political_operative%29" title="Andrew Young (political operative)"&gt;Andrew Young&lt;/a&gt;, claims that he, not Edwards, is the child's father.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-77" title=""&gt;[78]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; NBC reports that Edwards' former campaign consultant and many others raise the possibility of Young covering for Edwards.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-78" title=""&gt;[79]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Electoral_history" id="Electoral_history"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Electoral history&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;North Carolina United States Senate election, 1998 (Democratic primary)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-79" title=""&gt;[80]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/strong&gt; - 277,468 (51.39%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.G._Martin" title="D.G. Martin"&gt;D.G. Martin&lt;/a&gt; - 149,049 (27.59%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Ella Butler Scarborough - 55,486 (10.28%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Bob Ayers - 22,477 (4.16%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Mike Robinson - 20,178 (3.74%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;James Everette Carmack - 8,200 (1.52%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Gene Gay - 7,173 (1.33%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;North Carolina United States Senate election, 1998&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-80" title=""&gt;[81]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/strong&gt; (D) - 1,029,237 (51.15%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauch_Faircloth" title="Lauch Faircloth"&gt;Lauch Faircloth&lt;/a&gt; (R) (inc.) - 945,943 (47.01%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbara_Howe" title="Barbara Howe"&gt;Barbara Howe&lt;/a&gt; (Lib.) - 36,963 (1.84%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_primaries,_2004" title="Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2004"&gt;2004 Democratic presidential primaries&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-81" title=""&gt;[82]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry"&gt;John Kerry&lt;/a&gt; - 9,930,497 (60.98%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/strong&gt; - 3,162,337 (19.42%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_Dean" title="Howard Dean"&gt;Howard Dean&lt;/a&gt; - 903,460 (5.55%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich" title="Dennis Kucinich"&gt;Dennis Kucinich&lt;/a&gt; - 620,242 (3.81%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wesley_Clark" title="Wesley Clark"&gt;Wesley Clark&lt;/a&gt; - 547,369 (3.36%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Sharpton" title="Al Sharpton"&gt;Al Sharpton&lt;/a&gt; - 380,865 (2.34%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman"&gt;Joe Lieberman&lt;/a&gt; - 280,940 (1.73%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Uncommitted - 157,953 (0.97%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_LaRouche" title="Lyndon LaRouche"&gt;Lyndon LaRouche&lt;/a&gt; - 103,731 (0.64%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carol_Moseley_Braun" title="Carol Moseley Braun"&gt;Carol Moseley Braun&lt;/a&gt; - 98,469 (0.61%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Gephardt" title="Dick Gephardt"&gt;Dick Gephardt&lt;/a&gt; - 63,902 (0.39%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2004" title="United States presidential election, 2004"&gt;United States presidential election, 2004&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush"&gt;George W. Bush&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney"&gt;Dick Cheney&lt;/a&gt; (R) (inc.) - 62,040,610 (50.7%) and 286 electoral votes (31 states carried)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry"&gt;John Kerry&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/strong&gt; (D) - 59,028,111 (48.3%) and 251 electoral votes (19 states and D.C. carried)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/strong&gt; (D) - 1 electoral vote (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faithless_elector" title="Faithless elector"&gt;faithless elector&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader"&gt;Ralph Nader&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Camejo" title="Peter Camejo"&gt;Peter Camejo&lt;/a&gt; (Ind./Reform) - 465,650 (0.38%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Badnarik" title="Michael Badnarik"&gt;Michael Badnarik&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Campagna" title="Richard Campagna"&gt;Richard Campagna&lt;/a&gt; (Lib.) - 397,265 (0.32%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Peroutka" title="Michael Peroutka"&gt;Michael Peroutka&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin"&gt;Chuck Baldwin&lt;/a&gt; (Constitution) - 143,630 (0.12)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Cobb" title="David Cobb"&gt;David Cobb&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pat_LaMarche" title="Pat LaMarche"&gt;Pat LaMarche&lt;/a&gt; (Green) - 119,859 (0.096%)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Bibliography" id="Bibliography"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Bibliography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Trials" title="Four Trials"&gt;Four Trials&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Auchard" title="John Auchard"&gt;John Auchard&lt;/a&gt;) (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2003) &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0743244974" class="internal"&gt;ISBN 0743244974&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Home: The Blueprints of Our Lives&lt;/i&gt; (New York: Collins, 2006) &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/0060884541" class="internal"&gt;ISBN 0060884541&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Ending Poverty in America: How to Restore the American Dream&lt;/i&gt;, co-editor (New Press, 2007)&lt;sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_note-82" title=""&gt;[83]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/1595581766" class="internal"&gt;ISBN 1595581766&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="See_also" id="See_also"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;See also&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Americas" title="Two Americas"&gt;Two Americas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="United States presidential election, 2008"&gt;United States presidential election, 2008&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Official_and_Potential_2008_United_States_presidential_election_Democratic_candidates" title="Official and Potential 2008 United States presidential election Democratic candidates" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Official and Potential 2008 United States presidential election Democratic candidates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_primaries,_2008" title="Opinion polling for the Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Opinion polling for the Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_presidential_debates,_2008" title="Democratic presidential debates, 2008" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Democratic presidential debates, 2008&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="References" id="References"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count: 2;"&gt; &lt;ol class="references"&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Sheryl Gay Stolberg (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_7" title="July 7"&gt;07-07&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E1D9143BF934A35754C0A9629C8B63&amp;amp;sec=&amp;amp;spon=&amp;amp;pagewanted=print" class="external text" title="http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C04E1D9143BF934A35754C0A9629C8B63&amp;amp;sec=&amp;amp;spon=&amp;amp;pagewanted=print" rel="nofollow"&gt;THE 2004 ELECTION; A First-Term Senator's Swift Political Ascent — John Reid Edwards&lt;/a&gt;", The New York Times&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_23" title="April 23"&gt;04-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Sheryl+Gay+Stolberg&amp;amp;rft.title=THE+2004+ELECTION%3B+A+First-Term+Senator%27s+Swift+Political+Ascent+%E2%80%94+John+Reid+Edwards&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Ffullpage.html%3Fres%3D9C04E1D9143BF934A35754C0A9629C8B63%26sec%3D%26spon%3D%26pagewanted%3Dprint&amp;amp;rft.publisher=The+New+York+Times&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B2007-07-07%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-from_mill_town-1"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-from_mill_town_1-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Patrick Healy (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_5" title="October 5"&gt;10-05&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2003/10/05/from_mill_town_to_the_national_stage_boston_globe/?page=full" class="external text" title="http://www.boston.com/news/nation/articles/2003/10/05/from_mill_town_to_the_national_stage_boston_globe/?page=full" rel="nofollow"&gt;From Mill Town to the National Stage&lt;/a&gt;", The Boston Globe&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_27" title="March 27"&gt;03-27&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Patrick+Healy&amp;amp;rft.title=From+Mill+Town+to+the+National+Stage&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Farticles%2F2003%2F10%2F05%2Ffrom_mill_town_to_the_national_stage_boston_globe%2F%3Fpage%3Dfull&amp;amp;rft.publisher=The+Boston+Globe&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B2003-10-05%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-2" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Evan Thomas, Susannah Meadows and Arian Campo-Flores (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_19" title="July 19"&gt;07-19&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5411915/site/newsweek/" class="external text" title="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5411915/site/newsweek/" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards: VP Hopeful, Boyish Wonder&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newsweek" title="Newsweek"&gt;Newsweek&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_2" title="September 2"&gt;09-02&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Evan+Thomas%2C+Susannah+Meadows+and+Arian+Campo-Flores&amp;amp;rft.title=John+Edwards%3A+VP+Hopeful%2C+Boyish+Wonder&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msnbc.msn.com%2Fid%2F5411915%2Fsite%2Fnewsweek%2F&amp;amp;rft.source=%5B%5BNewsweek%5D%5D&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B2004-07-19%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-FoxNewsWade-3"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-FoxNewsWade_3-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; AP (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_29" title="March 29"&gt;03-29&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,262491,00.html" class="external text" title="http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,262491,00.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards Opens Up About Death of Teenage Son&lt;/a&gt;". Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_21" title="May 21"&gt;05-21&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Helms_eulogy-4"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Helms_eulogy_4-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.wade.org/senator.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.wade.org/senator.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;LUCIUS WADE EDWARDS JULY 18, 1979-APRIL 4, 1996&lt;/a&gt;". Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_21" title="May 21"&gt;05-21&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-WadeFoundation-5"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-WadeFoundation_5-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.wade.org/wef.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.wade.org/wef.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Wade Edwards Foundation&lt;/a&gt;". Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_21" title="May 21"&gt;05-21&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-6"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-6" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Katie Couric (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_21" title="November 21"&gt;11-21&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6522712" class="external text" title="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6522712" rel="nofollow"&gt;Elizabeth Edwards battles breast cancer&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MSNBC" title="MSNBC"&gt;MSNBC&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_20" title="May 20"&gt;05-20&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Katie+Couric&amp;amp;rft.title=Elizabeth+Edwards+battles+breast+cancer&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msnbc.msn.com%2Fid%2F6522712&amp;amp;rft.publisher=%5B%5BMSNBC%5D%5D&amp;amp;rft.date=2004-11-21"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-pressconference-7"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-pressconference_7-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-pressconference_7-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Transcript of press conference (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_22" title="March 22"&gt;03-22&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/22/AR2007032201422.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/22/AR2007032201422.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Former Sen. Edwards Holds a News Conference on Wife's Health: Breast Cancer Has Returned&lt;/a&gt;". The Washington Post. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25" title="March 25"&gt;03-25&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-8"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-8" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Candy Crowley (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_23" title="March 23"&gt;03-23&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/03/22/edwards.2008/index.html" class="external text" title="http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/03/22/edwards.2008/index.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards: Wife's cancer returns, campaign goes on&lt;/a&gt;", CNN&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_14" title="June 14"&gt;06-14&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Candy+Crowley&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards%3A+Wife%27s+cancer+returns%2C+campaign+goes+on&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2007%2FPOLITICS%2F03%2F22%2Fedwards.2008%2Findex.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=CNN&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B2007-03-23%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-9"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-9" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Mary Carter; Elizabeth Cohen and Amy Burkholder (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_22" title="May 22"&gt;05-22&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/03/22/cancer.edwards/index.html" class="external text" title="http://www.cnn.com/2007/HEALTH/03/22/cancer.edwards/index.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards: Cancer 'no longer curable'&lt;/a&gt;", CNN&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_14" title="June 14"&gt;06-14&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Mary+Carter&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards%3A+Cancer+%27no+longer+curable%27&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2007%2FHEALTH%2F03%2F22%2Fcancer.edwards%2Findex.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=CNN&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B2007-05-22%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Elizabethhealth-10"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Elizabethhealth_10-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Nedra Pickler (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_22" title="March 22"&gt;03-22&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070322/ap_on_el_pr/edwards2008" class="external text" title="http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20070322/ap_on_el_pr/edwards2008" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards Presses on With 2008 Campaign&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;i&gt;ap.org&lt;/i&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_22" title="March 22"&gt;03-22&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-EdwardsTrialWork-11"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-2" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;c&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-3" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;d&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-4" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;e&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-5" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;f&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-EdwardsTrialWork_11-6" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;g&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Adam Liptak and Michael Moss (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_31" title="January 31"&gt;01-31&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/31/politics/campaign/31EDWA.html?ex=1179979200&amp;amp;en=2bafc6d02676f7ff&amp;amp;ei=5070" class="external text" title="http://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/31/politics/campaign/31EDWA.html?ex=1179979200&amp;amp;en=2bafc6d02676f7ff&amp;amp;ei=5070" rel="nofollow"&gt;In Trial Work, Edwards Left a Trademark&lt;/a&gt;", The New York Times&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_21" title="May 21"&gt;05-21&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Adam+Liptak+and+Michael+Moss&amp;amp;rft.title=In+Trial+Work%2C+Edwards+Left+a+Trademark&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2004%2F01%2F31%2Fpolitics%2Fcampaign%2F31EDWA.html%3Fex%3D1179979200%26en%3D2bafc6d02676f7ff%26ei%3D5070&amp;amp;rft.publisher=The+New+York+Times&amp;amp;rft.date=2004-01-31"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-findlaw-12"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-findlaw_12-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-findlaw_12-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-findlaw_12-2" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;c&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; "&lt;a href="http://news.findlaw.com/newsmakers/john.edwards.html" class="external text" title="http://news.findlaw.com/newsmakers/john.edwards.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;". FindLaw (n.d.). Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25" title="March 25"&gt;03-25&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-13"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-13" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.wral.com/news/local/story/160341/" class="external text" title="http://www.wral.com/news/local/story/160341/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Defense Rests in Pool Drain Lawsuit&lt;/a&gt;", WRAL (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996" title="1996"&gt;1996&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_17" title="December 17"&gt;12-17&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_19" title="July 19"&gt;07-19&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Defense+Rests+in+Pool+Drain+Lawsuit&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wral.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fstory%2F160341%2F&amp;amp;rft.publisher=WRAL&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B1996-12-17%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-14"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-14" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Joshua Green (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001" title="2001"&gt;2001&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_10" title="January 10"&gt;01-10&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2001/0110.green.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2001/0110.green.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards, Esq.&lt;/a&gt;", Washington Monthly&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25" title="March 25"&gt;03-25&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Joshua+Green&amp;amp;rft.title=John+Edwards%2C+Esq.&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonmonthly.com%2Ffeatures%2F2001%2F0110.green.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=Washington+Monthly&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B2001-01-10%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-15"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-15" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Rudin, Ken (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30"&gt;01-30&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.npr.org/programs/specials/democrats2004/edwards.html" class="external text" title="http://www.npr.org/programs/specials/democrats2004/edwards.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Sen. John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Public_Radio" title="National Public Radio"&gt;National Public Radio&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_8" title="April 8"&gt;04-08&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Ken&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Rudin&amp;amp;rft.title=Sen.+John+Edwards&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fprograms%2Fspecials%2Fdemocrats2004%2Fedwards.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=%5B%5BNational+Public+Radio%5D%5D&amp;amp;rft.date=2003-01-30"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-16"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-16" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/?&amp;amp;Db=d107&amp;amp;querybd=@FIELD%28FLD004+@4%28%28@1%28Sen+Edwards++John%29%29+01573%29%29:" class="external text" title="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/?&amp;amp;Db=d107&amp;amp;querybd=@FIELD(FLD004+@4((@1(Sen+Edwards++John))+01573)):" rel="nofollow"&gt;Search Results&lt;/a&gt;". The Library of Congress. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25" title="March 25"&gt;03-25&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-17"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-17" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d107:SJ00046:@@@P:" class="external text" title="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d107:SJ00046:@@@P:" rel="nofollow"&gt;S.J.RES.46&lt;/a&gt;". The Library of Congress. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25" title="March 25"&gt;03-25&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-18"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-18" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=107&amp;amp;session=2&amp;amp;vote=00237" class="external text" title="http://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=107&amp;amp;session=2&amp;amp;vote=00237" rel="nofollow"&gt;U.S. Senate Roll Call Votes: H.J Res. 114&lt;/a&gt;". United States Senate. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_18" title="December 18"&gt;12-18&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-19"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-19" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Jay Newton-Small and Laurence Arnold (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_11" title="October 11"&gt;10-11&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://quote.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000103&amp;amp;sid=apXyrHjc4RSs&amp;amp;refer=us" class="external text" title="http://quote.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000103&amp;amp;sid=apXyrHjc4RSs&amp;amp;refer=us" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards Says He Still Would Have Voted to Authorize War in Iraq&lt;/a&gt;", Bloomberg News&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_17" title="August 17"&gt;08-17&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Jay+Newton-Small+and+Laurence+Arnold&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+Says+He+Still+Would+Have+Voted+to+Authorize+War+in+Iraq&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fquote.bloomberg.com%2Fapps%2Fnews%3Fpid%3D10000103%26sid%3DapXyrHjc4RSs%26refer%3Dus&amp;amp;rft.publisher=Bloomberg+News&amp;amp;rft.date=2004-10-11"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-20"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-20" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6200928/" class="external text" title="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/6200928/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Meet the Press transcript for October 10, 2004&lt;/a&gt;".&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Meet+the+Press+transcript+for+October+10%2C+2004&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msnbc.msn.com%2Fid%2F6200928%2F"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-21"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-21" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c106:S.1131.IS:" class="external text" title="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c106:S.1131.IS:" rel="nofollow"&gt;Fragile X Research Breakthrough Act of 1999&lt;/a&gt;". Library of Congress (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999" title="1999"&gt;1999&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_26" title="May 26"&gt;05-26&lt;/a&gt;). Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25" title="March 25"&gt;03-25&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-22"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-22" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:SN03180:@@@L&amp;amp;summ2=m&amp;amp;" class="external text" title="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d106:SN03180:@@@L&amp;amp;summ2=m&amp;amp;" rel="nofollow"&gt;S.3180&lt;/a&gt;". The Library of Congress. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25" title="March 25"&gt;03-25&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-ontheissues-23"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-ontheissues_23-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-ontheissues_23-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; "&lt;a href="http://ontheissues.org/John_Edwards.htm" class="external text" title="http://ontheissues.org/John_Edwards.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards on the Issues&lt;/a&gt;". OnTheIssues. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_25" title="March 25"&gt;03-25&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-24"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-24" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://grades.betterimmigration.com/testgrades.php3?District=NC&amp;amp;VIPID=483&amp;amp;retired=1" class="external text" title="http://grades.betterimmigration.com/testgrades.php3?District=NC&amp;amp;VIPID=483&amp;amp;retired=1" rel="nofollow"&gt;Immigration Voting Report Card for Sen. John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-25"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-25" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.hillnews.com/news/050703/edwards.aspx" class="external text" title="http://www.hillnews.com/news/050703/edwards.aspx" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Hill News&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, May 7, 2003&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-26"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-26" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://quote.wikipedia.org/wiki/John" class="external free" title="http://quote.wikipedia.org/wiki/John" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://quote.wikipedia.org/wiki/John&lt;/a&gt; Edwards#Two Americas&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-27"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-27" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Jim VandeHei and Dan Balz (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6" title="July 6"&gt;07-06&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A30354-2004Jul6.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A30354-2004Jul6.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kerry picks Edwards as running mate: Mass. senator calls ex-rival a man of middle-class values&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;The Washington Post&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_1" title="April 1"&gt;04-01&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Jim+VandeHei+and+Dan+Balz&amp;amp;rft.title=Kerry+picks+Edwards+as+running+mate%3A+Mass.+senator+calls+ex-rival+a+man+of+middle-class+values&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Farticles%2FA30354-2004Jul6.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=%27%27The+Washington+Post%27%27&amp;amp;rft.date=2004-07-06"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-28"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-28" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3872003.stm" class="external text" title="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3872003.stm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kerry and Edwards start campaign&lt;/a&gt;", BBC News (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004" title="2004"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_7" title="July 7"&gt;07-07&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_1" title="April 1"&gt;04-01&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Kerry+and+Edwards+start+campaign&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F3872003.stm&amp;amp;rft.publisher=BBC+News&amp;amp;rft.date=2004-07-07"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-29"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-29" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.thegreenpapers.com/P04/SC-D.phtml#0203" class="external text" title="http://www.thegreenpapers.com/P04/SC-D.phtml#0203" rel="nofollow"&gt;2004 South Carolina primary results&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-30"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-30" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2004/primaries/pages/dates/02/03/index.html" class="external text" title="http://www.cnn.com/ELECTION/2004/primaries/pages/dates/02/03/index.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;CNN&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-31"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-31" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.thegreenpapers.com/P04/NC-D.phtml" class="external text" title="http://www.thegreenpapers.com/P04/NC-D.phtml" rel="nofollow"&gt;2004 North Carolina caucuses results&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-32"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-32" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.pointoflaw.com/archives/000488.php" class="external text" title="http://www.pointoflaw.com/archives/000488.php" rel="nofollow"&gt;PointofLaw.com | PointOfLaw Forum: Democrats' support for trial lawyers polarizes business community&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-33"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-33" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1626498-2,00.html" class="external text" title="http://www.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,1626498-2,00.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kerry's Regrets About John Edwards - TIME&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-34"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-34" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://oneamericacommittee.com/media/podcasts/20050321/" class="external free" title="http://oneamericacommittee.com/media/podcasts/20050321/" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://oneamericacommittee.com/media/podcasts/20050321/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-35"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-35" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Christenson, Rob (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_31" title="July 31"&gt;07-31&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.newsobserver.com/news/higher_education/story/1160097.html" class="external text" title="http://www.newsobserver.com/news/higher_education/story/1160097.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards ending college program&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_News_%26_Observer" title="The News &amp;amp; Observer"&gt;The News &amp;amp; Observer&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_4" title="August 4"&gt;08-04&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Rob&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Christenson&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+ending+college+program&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsobserver.com%2Fnews%2Fhigher_education%2Fstory%2F1160097.html&amp;amp;rft.source=%5B%5BThe+News+%26+Observer%5D%5D&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-07-31"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-36"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-36" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.cfr.org/publication.html?id=8142" class="external text" title="http://www.cfr.org/publication.html?id=8142" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards and Jack Kemp Co-Chair Council Task Force on Russian-American Relations - Council on Foreign Relations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-37"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-37" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.cfr.org/publication/9997/" class="external text" title="http://www.cfr.org/publication/9997/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Russia's Wrong Direction - Council on Foreign Relations&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-38"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-38" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/07/12/opinion/edkemp.php" class="external text" title="http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/07/12/opinion/edkemp.php" rel="nofollow"&gt;We need to be tough with Russia - International Herald Tribune&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-39"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-39" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.senatedemocrats.net/node/775" class="external free" title="http://www.senatedemocrats.net/node/775" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.senatedemocrats.net/node/775&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-40"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-40" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/oct2005/nf20051013_3314_db016.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/dnflash/oct2005/nf20051013_3314_db016.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards Hits the Street&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Fortress-41"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Fortress_41-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Fortress_41-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Alec MacGillis and John Solomon (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_11" title="May 11"&gt;05-11&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/10/AR2007051002277.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/10/AR2007051002277.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards Says He Didn't Know About Subprime Push&lt;/a&gt;", The Washington Post&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_13" title="May 13"&gt;05-13&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Alec+MacGillis+and+John+Solomon&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+Says+He+Didn%27t+Know+About+Subprime+Push&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2007%2F05%2F10%2FAR2007051002277.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=The+Washington+Post&amp;amp;rft.date=2007-05-11"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-42"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-42" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118728685546999884.html?mod=hpp_us_whats_news" class="external text" title="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118728685546999884.html?mod=hpp_us_whats_news" rel="nofollow"&gt;Free Preview - WSJ.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-43"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-43" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/08/17/america/NA-POL-White-House-Edwards-Foreclosure.php" class="external text" title="http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/08/17/america/NA-POL-White-House-Edwards-Foreclosure.php" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards says he will divest funds linked to lenders foreclosing in New Orleans - International Herald Tribune&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-44"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-44" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20321742/" class="external text" title="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/20321742/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards to end investments with lenders: Says he won't have his money involved with Katrina-related foreclosures&lt;/a&gt;", Associated Press (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_17" title="August 17"&gt;08-17&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_17" title="August 17"&gt;08-17&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+to+end+investments+with+lenders%3A+Says+he+won%27t+have+his+money+involved+with+Katrina-related+foreclosures&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.msnbc.msn.com%2Fid%2F20321742%2F&amp;amp;rft.publisher=Associated+Press&amp;amp;rft.date=2007-08-17"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-45"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-45" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Alec MacGillis (September 14, 2007). "&lt;a href="http://blog.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2007/09/14/edwards_to_the_rescue_on_forec.html" class="external text" title="http://blog.washingtonpost.com/the-trail/2007/09/14/edwards_to_the_rescue_on_forec.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards to 'Rescue' On Foreclosures&lt;/a&gt;", The Washington Post&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_17" title="September 17"&gt;09-17&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Alec+MacGillis&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+to+%27Rescue%27+On+Foreclosures&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fblog.washingtonpost.com%2Fthe-trail%2F2007%2F09%2F14%2Fedwards_to_the_rescue_on_forec.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=The+Washington+Post&amp;amp;rft.date=September+14%2C+2007"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-46"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-46" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-2521766,00.html" class="external text" title="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,11069-2521766,00.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards joins race for White House - Times Online&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-47"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-47" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Nedra Pickler (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_28" title="December 28"&gt;12-28&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/27/AR2006122701452.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/12/27/AR2006122701452.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards Joins Presidential Race&lt;/a&gt;", The Washington Post&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_28" title="December 28"&gt;12-28&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Nedra+Pickler&amp;amp;rft.title=John+Edwards+Joins+Presidential+Race&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2006%2F12%2F27%2FAR2006122701452.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=The+Washington+Post&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B2006-12-28%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-48"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-48" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-12-28-edwards-2008_x.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.usatoday.com/news/washington/2006-12-28-edwards-2008_x.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards takes another shot at run for White House&lt;/a&gt;", USA Today (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" title="2006"&gt;2006&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_29" title="December 29"&gt;12-29&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6" title="July 6"&gt;07-06&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+takes+another+shot+at+run+for+White+House&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2Fwashington%2F2006-12-28-edwards-2008_x.htm&amp;amp;rft.publisher=USA+Today&amp;amp;rft.date=%5B%5B2006-12-29%5D%5D"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-49"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-49" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.rasmussenreports.com/Political%20Tracking/Democratic%20Primaries/DemocraticPrimary.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.rasmussenreports.com/Political%20Tracking/Democratic%20Primaries/DemocraticPrimary.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Clinton, Obama in Virtual Tie Among Democrats&lt;/a&gt;". Rasmussen FReports (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_17" title="January 17"&gt;01-17&lt;/a&gt;). Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_1" title="June 1"&gt;06-01&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-50"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-50" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Jim Kuhnhenn (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_1" title="July 1"&gt;07-01&lt;/a&gt;). "Edwards Raises More Than $9 Million", Forbes.com&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_6" title="July 6"&gt;07-06&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Jim+Kuhnhenn&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+Raises+More+Than+%249+Million&amp;amp;rft.publisher=Forbes.com&amp;amp;rft.date=2007-07-01"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-51"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-51" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.iowacaucusresults.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.iowacaucusresults.com/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Iowa Democratic Party Caucus Results&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-CBSend-52"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-CBSend_52-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/01/30/politics/main3768889.shtml?source=mostpop_story" class="external text" title="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/01/30/politics/main3768889.shtml?source=mostpop_story" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards exits presidential race&lt;/a&gt;", CBS News (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30"&gt;01-30&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30"&gt;01-30&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+exits+presidential+race&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fstories%2F2008%2F01%2F30%2Fpolitics%2Fmain3768889.shtml%3Fsource%3Dmostpop_story&amp;amp;rft.publisher=CBS+News&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-01-30"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-53"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-53" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Holland, Steve (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30"&gt;01-30&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN2964765820080131/" class="external text" title="http://www.reuters.com/article/newsOne/idUSN2964765820080131/" rel="nofollow"&gt;"Giuliani, Edwards quit White House Race"&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters"&gt;Reuters&lt;/a&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30"&gt;01-30&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Globeend-54"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Globeend_54-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Foon Rhee (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30"&gt;01-30&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.boston.com/news/politics/politicalintelligence/2008/01/edwards_drops_o.html" class="external text" title="http://www.boston.com/news/politics/politicalintelligence/2008/01/edwards_drops_o.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards drops out of race&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;Boston Globe&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_30" title="January 30"&gt;01-30&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Foon+Rhee&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+drops+out+of+race&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fpoliticalintelligence%2F2008%2F01%2Fedwards_drops_o.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=%27%27Boston+Globe%27%27&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-01-30"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-55"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-55" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Sinead Carew (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_3" title="April 3"&gt;04-03&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSN0336718220080403" class="external text" title="http://www.reuters.com/article/politicsNews/idUSN0336718220080403" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards says would not accept VP nomination&lt;/a&gt;", Reuters&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_14" title="May 14"&gt;05-14&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Sinead+Carew&amp;amp;rft.title=John+Edwards+says+would+not+accept+VP+nomination&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FpoliticsNews%2FidUSN0336718220080403&amp;amp;rft.publisher=Reuters&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-04-03"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-56"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-56" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/05/14/edwards.obama/" class="external text" title="http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/05/14/edwards.obama/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards endorses Obama, praises Clinton - CNN.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-57"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-57" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20080615/pl_afp/usvotevp" class="external text" title="http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20080615/pl_afp/usvotevp" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards not ruling out new VP bid under Obama&lt;/a&gt;", AFP (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_15" title="June 15"&gt;06-15&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_15" title="June 15"&gt;06-15&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+not+ruling+out+new+VP+bid+under+Obama&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.yahoo.com%2Fs%2Fafp%2F20080615%2Fpl_afp%2Fusvotevp&amp;amp;rft.publisher=AFP&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-06-15"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-58"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-58" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/06/20/ap-edwards-makes-obamas-vp-list/" class="external text" title="http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2008/06/20/ap-edwards-makes-obamas-vp-list/" rel="nofollow"&gt;AP: Edwards makes Obama's VP List&lt;/a&gt;", AP (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_20" title="June 20"&gt;06-20&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_20" title="June 20"&gt;06-20&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=AP%3A+Edwards+makes+Obama%27s+VP+List&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fpoliticalticker.blogs.cnn.com%2F2008%2F06%2F20%2Fap-edwards-makes-obamas-vp-list%2F&amp;amp;rft.publisher=AP&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-06-20"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-59"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-59" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;cite style="font-style: normal;" id="CITEREFMacGillis2007"&gt;MacGillis, Alec (May 7), "&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/06/AR2007050601322_pf.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/06/AR2007050601322_pf.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;On Poverty, Edwards Faces Old Hurdles&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;The Washington Post&lt;/i&gt; (Washington, D.C.: The Washington Post): A01, Monday, May 7, 2007&lt;span class="printonly"&gt;, &lt;&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/06/AR2007050601322_pf.html" class="external free" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/06/AR2007050601322_pf.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/05/06/AR2007050601322_pf.html&lt;/a&gt;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;span class="wpAutoDate"&gt;26 January 2008&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;amp;rft.genre=book&amp;amp;rft.title=On+Poverty%2C+Edwards+Faces+Old+Hurdles&amp;amp;rft.aulast=MacGillis&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Alec&amp;amp;rft.date=May+7&amp;amp;rft.pages=A01&amp;amp;rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&amp;amp;rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&amp;amp;rft.pub=The+Washington+Post&amp;amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2007%2F05%2F06%2FAR2007050601322_pf.html"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-WashpoOpEd-60"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-WashpoOpEd_60-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; John Edwards (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005" title="2005"&gt;2005&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_13" title="November 13"&gt;11-13&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/11/AR2005111101623.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/11/AR2005111101623.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;The Right Way in Iraq&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;The Washington Post&lt;/i&gt;, p. B07&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_18" title="December 18"&gt;12-18&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=John+Edwards&amp;amp;rft.title=The+Right+Way+in+Iraq&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2005%2F11%2F11%2FAR2005111101623.html&amp;amp;rft.source=The+Washington+Post&amp;amp;rft.spage=B07&amp;amp;rft.date=2005-11-13"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-61"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-61" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/05/23/democrats.dilemma/index.html" class="external text" title="http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/05/23/democrats.dilemma/index.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Dems in tough spot with war funding bill&lt;/a&gt;", CNN (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_24" title="May 24"&gt;05-24&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_24" title="May 24"&gt;05-24&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Dems+in+tough+spot+with+war+funding+bill&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2007%2FPOLITICS%2F05%2F23%2Fdemocrats.dilemma%2Findex.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=CNN&amp;amp;rft.date=2007-05-24"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Healthcare_required-62"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Healthcare_required_62-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.johnedwards.com/issues/health-care/health-care-fact-sheet/" class="external text" title="http://www.johnedwards.com/issues/health-care/health-care-fact-sheet/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Universal Health Care Through Shared Responsibility&lt;/a&gt;".&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Healthcare_preventive-63"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Healthcare_preventive_63-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://sendtofriend.abcnews.go.com/Politics/CancerPreventionAndTreatment/wireStory?id=3551321" class="external text" title="http://sendtofriend.abcnews.go.com/Politics/CancerPreventionAndTreatment/wireStory?id=3551321" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards Backs Mandatory Preventive Care&lt;/a&gt;".&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Q.26A-64"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Q.26A_64-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Q.26A_64-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; Scott Shepard (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_7" title="February 7"&gt;02-07&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.coxwashington.com/news/content/reporters/stories/2007/02/07/BC_EDWARDS_QANDA06.html" class="external text" title="http://www.coxwashington.com/news/content/reporters/stories/2007/02/07/BC_EDWARDS_QANDA06.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Q&amp;amp;A With John Edwards On Health Care&lt;/a&gt;", Cox News Service&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/December_18" title="December 18"&gt;12-18&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Scott+Shepard&amp;amp;rft.title=Q%26A+With+John+Edwards+On+Health+Care&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.coxwashington.com%2Fnews%2Fcontent%2Freporters%2Fstories%2F2007%2F02%2F07%2FBC_EDWARDS_QANDA06.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=Cox+News+Service&amp;amp;rft.date=2007-02-07"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Edwards_on_the_issues-65"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Edwards_on_the_issues_65-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.ontheissues.org/2004/John_Edwards_Civil_Rights.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.ontheissues.org/2004/John_Edwards_Civil_Rights.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards on Civil Rights&lt;/a&gt;", On the Issues (2004)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_3" title="January 3"&gt;01-03&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=John+Edwards+on+Civil+Rights&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ontheissues.org%2F2004%2FJohn_Edwards_Civil_Rights.htm&amp;amp;rft.publisher=On+the+Issues&amp;amp;rft.date=2004"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-66"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-66" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.ontheissues.org/2008/John_Edwards_Civil_Rights.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.ontheissues.org/2008/John_Edwards_Civil_Rights.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards on Civil Rights&lt;/a&gt;". OnTheIssues.org (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_21" title="January 21"&gt;01-21&lt;/a&gt;). Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_8" title="April 8"&gt;04-08&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-67"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-67" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Friends of the Earth Sep. 16, 2007 retrieved May 1, 2008 &lt;a href="http://action.foe.org/content.jsp?content_KEY=3354&amp;amp;t=FoE_Action_PAC.dwt" class="external free" title="http://action.foe.org/content.jsp?content_KEY=3354&amp;amp;t=FoE_Action_PAC.dwt" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://action.foe.org/content.jsp?content_KEY=3354&amp;amp;t=FoE_Action_PAC.dwt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-68"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-68" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Grist Jan. 30, 2008 Retrieved May 1, 2008 &lt;a href="http://www.grist.org/feature/2007/07/31/edwards_factsheet/" class="external free" title="http://www.grist.org/feature/2007/07/31/edwards_factsheet/" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.grist.org/feature/2007/07/31/edwards_factsheet/&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-69"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-69" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://conservativepulse.com/home/2008/07/why-is-the-media-ignoring-the-john-edwards-sex-scandal/" class="external text" title="http://conservativepulse.com/home/2008/07/why-is-the-media-ignoring-the-john-edwards-sex-scandal/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Why is the media ignoring the John Edwards sex scandal?&lt;/a&gt;, ConservativePulse, July 25, 2008.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-MC073108-70"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-MC073108_70-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Zagaroli, Lisa (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_31" title="July 31"&gt;07-31&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/election2008/story/46066.html" class="external text" title="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/election2008/story/46066.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Birth certificate of child linked to Edwards lists no father&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McClatchy_Newspapers" title="McClatchy Newspapers" class="mw-redirect"&gt;McClatchy Newspapers&lt;/a&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_1" title="August 1"&gt;08-01&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-FoxNews-71"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-FoxNews_71-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Fox News (unsigned) (July 25, 2008). "&lt;a href="http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,391426,00.html" class="external text" title="http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,391426,00.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Guard Confirms Late-Night Hotel Encounter Between Ex-Sen. John Edwards, Tabloid Reporters&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOXNews" title="FOXNews" class="mw-redirect"&gt;FOXNews&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Fox+News+%28unsigned%29&amp;amp;rft.title=Guard+Confirms+Late-Night+Hotel+Encounter+Between+Ex-Sen.+John+Edwards%2C+Tabloid+Reporters&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fstory%2F0%2C2933%2C391426%2C00.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=%27%27%5B%5BFOXNews%5D%5D%27%27&amp;amp;rft.date=July+25%2C+2008"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-RT080108-72"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-RT080108_72-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.raleigh3.com/default.asp?sourceid=&amp;amp;smenu=1&amp;amp;twindow=&amp;amp;mad=&amp;amp;sdetail=1078&amp;amp;wpage=1&amp;amp;skeyword=&amp;amp;sidate=&amp;amp;ccat=&amp;amp;ccatm=&amp;amp;restate=&amp;amp;restatus=&amp;amp;reoption=&amp;amp;retype=&amp;amp;repmin=&amp;amp;repmax=&amp;amp;rebed=&amp;amp;rebath=&amp;amp;subname=&amp;amp;pform=&amp;amp;sc=2724&amp;amp;hn=raleigh3&amp;amp;he=.com" class="external text" title="http://www.raleigh3.com/default.asp?sourceid=&amp;amp;smenu=1&amp;amp;twindow=&amp;amp;mad=&amp;amp;sdetail=1078&amp;amp;wpage=1&amp;amp;skeyword=&amp;amp;sidate=&amp;amp;ccat=&amp;amp;ccatm=&amp;amp;restate=&amp;amp;restatus=&amp;amp;reoption=&amp;amp;retype=&amp;amp;repmin=&amp;amp;repmax=&amp;amp;rebed=&amp;amp;rebath=&amp;amp;subname=&amp;amp;pform=&amp;amp;sc=2724&amp;amp;hn=raleigh3&amp;amp;he=.com" rel="nofollow"&gt;Mainstream Media Reports On Edwards Sex Scandal&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Raleigh_Telegram&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The Raleigh Telegram (page does not exist)"&gt;The Raleigh Telegram&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_1" title="August 1"&gt;08-01&lt;/a&gt;). Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_1" title="August 1"&gt;08-01&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Independent-73"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Independent_73-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Guy Adams (July 27, 2008). "&lt;a href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/love-child-and-mistress-claims-hit-edwards-878277.html" class="external text" title="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/love-child-and-mistress-claims-hit-edwards-878277.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Love child and mistress claims hit Edwards&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent"&gt;The Independent&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Guy+Adams&amp;amp;rft.title=Love+child+and+mistress+claims+hit+Edwards&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Flove-child-and-mistress-claims-hit-edwards-878277.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=%27%27%5B%5BThe+Independent%5D%5D%27%27&amp;amp;rft.date=July+27%2C+2008"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-TheTimes1-74"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-TheTimes1_74-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Sarah Baxter (July 27, 2008). "&lt;a href="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/us_elections/article4406814.ece" class="external text" title="http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/us_elections/article4406814.ece" rel="nofollow"&gt;Sleaze scuppers Democrat golden boy&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times"&gt;The Times&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Sarah+Baxter&amp;amp;rft.title=Sleaze+scuppers+Democrat+golden+boy&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesonline.co.uk%2Ftol%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fus_and_americas%2Fus_elections%2Farticle4406814.ece&amp;amp;rft.publisher=%27%27%5B%5BThe+Times%5D%5D%27%27&amp;amp;rft.date=July+27%2C+2008"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-Aug8statement-75"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-Aug8statement_75-0" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/08/AR2008080802738.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/08/AR2008080802738.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Statement of Senator John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;The Washington Post&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8" title="August 8"&gt;08-08&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8" title="August 8"&gt;08-08&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Statement+of+Senator+John+Edwards&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2008%2F08%2F08%2FAR2008080802738.html&amp;amp;rft.publisher=%27%27The+Washington+Post%27%27&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-08-08"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-76"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-76" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Lois Romano and Howard Kurtz, &lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/09/AR2008080901298_pf.html" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/08/09/AR2008080901298_pf.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;"Edwards's Ex-Lover Rejects Idea Of DNA Test: Hunter Requests Privacy For Herself, Her Child"&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Washington Post&lt;/i&gt;, August 10, 2008&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-77"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-77" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Rhonda Swartz; Brian Ross (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8" title="August 8"&gt;08-08&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.abcnews.go.com/Blotter/story?id=5441195&amp;amp;page=1" class="external text" title="http://www.abcnews.go.com/Blotter/story?id=5441195&amp;amp;page=1" rel="nofollow"&gt;Edwards Admits Sexual Affair; Lied as Presidential Candidate&lt;/a&gt;", ABC News&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_8" title="August 8"&gt;08-08&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.au=Rhonda+Swartz&amp;amp;rft.title=Edwards+Admits+Sexual+Affair%3B+Lied+as+Presidential+Candidate&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abcnews.go.com%2FBlotter%2Fstory%3Fid%3D5441195%26page%3D1&amp;amp;rft.publisher=ABC+News&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-08-08"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-78"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-78" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26229037" class="external free" title="http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26229037" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/26229037&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-79"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-79" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=39748" class="external text" title="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=39748" rel="nofollow"&gt;Our Campaigns - NC US Senate - D Primary Race - May 18, 1998&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-80"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-80" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=146" class="external text" title="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=146" rel="nofollow"&gt;Our Campaigns - NC US Senate Race - Nov 03, 1998&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-81"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-81" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=1689" class="external text" title="http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=1689" rel="nofollow"&gt;Our Campaigns - US President - D Primaries Race - Jan 13, 2004&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-82"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_edwards#cite_ref-82" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2003685693_edwardsbook29.html" class="external text" title="http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/nationworld/2003685693_edwardsbook29.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;"John Edwards pushes focus on poverty in book"&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="External_links" id="External_links"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="infobox sisterproject"&gt; &lt;div class="floatleft"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wikiquote-logo-en.svg" class="image" title="Wikiquote-logo-en.svg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Wikiquote-logo-en.svg/49px-Wikiquote-logo-en.svg.png" width="49" border="0" height="49" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="margin-left: 60px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikiquote" title="Wikiquote"&gt;Wikiquote&lt;/a&gt; has a collection of quotations related to: &lt;div style="margin-left: 10px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/John_Edwards" class="extiw" title="wikiquote:Special:Search/John Edwards"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="infobox sisterproject"&gt; &lt;div style="float: left;"&gt; &lt;div class="floatnone"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="image" title="Wikisource"&gt;&lt;img alt="Wikisource" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/50px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" width="50" border="0" height="52" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="margin-left: 60px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource"&gt;Wikisource&lt;/a&gt; has original works written by or about: &lt;div style="margin-left: 10px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:John_Edwards" class="extiw" title="s:Author:John Edwards"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div class="infobox sisterproject"&gt; &lt;div style="float: left;" align="left"&gt; &lt;div style="position: relative;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/John_Edwards" title="Commons:Special:Search/John Edwards"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="50" border="0" height="67" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="margin-left: 60px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"&gt;Wikimedia Commons&lt;/a&gt; has media related to: &lt;div style="margin-left: 10px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Search/John_Edwards" class="extiw" title="commons:Special:Search/John Edwards"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://johnedwards.com/" class="external text" title="http://johnedwards.com/" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards for President&lt;/a&gt; official campaign website&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://blog.johnedwards.com/" class="external text" title="http://blog.johnedwards.com/" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards '08 Blog&lt;/a&gt; official campaign blog&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.law.unc.edu/povertycenter/" class="external text" title="http://www.law.unc.edu/povertycenter/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Center on Poverty, Work and Opportunity&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.myspace.com/johnedwards" class="external text" title="http://www.myspace.com/johnedwards" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MySpace" title="MySpace"&gt;MySpace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://news.findlaw.com/newsmakers/john.edwards.html" class="external text" title="http://news.findlaw.com/newsmakers/john.edwards.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Notable cases&lt;/a&gt; via FindLaw&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.mensvogue.com/business/politics/feature/articles/2007/06/john_edwards" class="external text" title="http://www.mensvogue.com/business/politics/feature/articles/2007/06/john_edwards" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Men's Vogue&lt;/i&gt; profile of John Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.nndb.com/people/306/000024234/" class="external text" title="http://www.nndb.com/people/306/000024234/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Notable Names Database&lt;/a&gt; profile&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.enewsreference.com/john_edwards.shtml" class="external text" title="http://www.enewsreference.com/john_edwards.shtml" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards eNews Reference&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.usaelectionpolls.com/2008/candidates/John-Edwards.html" class="external text" title="http://www.usaelectionpolls.com/2008/candidates/John-Edwards.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;USAElectionPolls&lt;/a&gt; poll results&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dt&gt;Record&lt;/dt&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=E000286" class="external text" title="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=E000286" rel="nofollow"&gt;Biography&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress"&gt;Biographical Directory of the United States Congress&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/E000286" class="external text" title="http://projects.washingtonpost.com/congress/members/E000286" rel="nofollow"&gt;Voting record&lt;/a&gt; maintained by &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post"&gt;The Washington Post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://herndon1.sdrdc.com/cgi-bin/can_detail/S8NC00122" class="external text" title="http://herndon1.sdrdc.com/cgi-bin/can_detail/S8NC00122" rel="nofollow"&gt;Campaign finance reports and data&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission"&gt;Federal Election Commission&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.asp?CID=N00002283" class="external text" title="http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.asp?CID=N00002283" rel="nofollow"&gt;Campaign contributions&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenSecrets.org" title="OpenSecrets.org" class="mw-redirect"&gt;OpenSecrets.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.vote-smart.org/bio.php?can_id=21107" class="external text" title="http://www.vote-smart.org/bio.php?can_id=21107" rel="nofollow"&gt;Biography&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=21107" class="external text" title="http://www.vote-smart.org/voting_category.php?can_id=21107" rel="nofollow"&gt;voting record&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href="http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_rating_category.php?can_id=21107" class="external text" title="http://www.vote-smart.org/issue_rating_category.php?can_id=21107" rel="nofollow"&gt;interest group ratings&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Vote_Smart" title="Project Vote Smart"&gt;Project Vote Smart&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.ontheissues.org/John_Edwards.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.ontheissues.org/John_Edwards.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Issue positions and quotes&lt;/a&gt; at On The Issues&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://herndon1.sdrdc.com/cgi-bin/can_detail/P40002347" class="external text" title="http://herndon1.sdrdc.com/cgi-bin/can_detail/P40002347" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards's presidential campaign finance reports and data&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission"&gt;Federal Election Commission&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=John_Edwards" class="external text" title="http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=John_Edwards" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards's' Congresspedia profile&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.dmoz.org/Regional/North_America/United_States/Society_and_Culture/Politics/Candidates_and_Campaigns/Presidential/2008/Candidates/Edwards,_John/" class="external text" title="http://www.dmoz.org/Regional/North_America/United_States/Society_and_Culture/Politics/Candidates_and_Campaigns/Presidential/2008/Candidates/Edwards,_John/" rel="nofollow"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Directory_Project" title="Open Directory Project"&gt;Open Directory Project&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dt&gt;Speeches and statements&lt;/dt&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;July 27, 2004, Democratic National Convention speech: &lt;a href="http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,127391,00.html" class="external text" title="http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,127391,00.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Transcript text&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;October 5, 2004, Vice Presidential Debate: &lt;a href="http://www.debates.org/pages/trans2004b.html" class="external text" title="http://www.debates.org/pages/trans2004b.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;Transcript text&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://cspanquery.streamsage.com/query/playback.smil?XslFile=realplayer.xsl&amp;amp;contentType=text/smil&amp;amp;FILEID=139&amp;amp;WD=true&amp;amp;search=&amp;amp;numDisplay=10&amp;amp;startValue=1&amp;amp;sortBy=file_date&amp;amp;sortOrder=desc&amp;amp;program=&amp;amp;source=&amp;amp;div_display=none&amp;amp;startDate=2004-01-01&amp;amp;endDate=&amp;amp;s" class="external text" title="http://cspanquery.streamsage.com/query/playback.smil?XslFile=realplayer.xsl&amp;amp;contentType=text/smil&amp;amp;FILEID=139&amp;amp;WD=true&amp;amp;search=&amp;amp;numDisplay=10&amp;amp;startValue=1&amp;amp;sortBy=file_date&amp;amp;sortOrder=desc&amp;amp;program=&amp;amp;source=&amp;amp;div_display=none&amp;amp;startDate=2004-01-01&amp;amp;endDate=&amp;amp;s" rel="nofollow"&gt;Audio&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/mmedia/politics/100504-16v.ram" class="external text" title="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/mmedia/politics/100504-16v.ram" rel="nofollow"&gt;Video&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;January 18, 2008, Presidential campaign speech in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" title="Los Angeles, California"&gt;Los Angeles, California&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://www.hotpotatomash.com/2008/01/video-exclusive.html" class="external text" title="http://www.hotpotatomash.com/2008/01/video-exclusive.html" rel="nofollow"&gt;video&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0.5em auto; font-size: 95%; clear: both;"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th colspan="3" style="background: rgb(204, 204, 204) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate"&gt;United States Senate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="text-align: center;"&gt; &lt;td rowspan="1" width="30%" align="center"&gt;Preceded by&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauch_Faircloth" title="Lauch Faircloth"&gt;Lauch Faircloth&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1" width="40%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States Senators from North Carolina"&gt;United States Senator (Class 3) from North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1999–2005&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;Served alongside: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms"&gt;Jesse Helms&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole"&gt;Elizabeth Dole&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td rowspan="1" width="30%" align="center"&gt;Succeeded by&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Burr" title="Richard Burr"&gt;Richard Burr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th colspan="3" style="background: rgb(255, 191, 0) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial;"&gt;Party political offices&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="text-align: center;"&gt; &lt;td rowspan="1" width="30%" align="center"&gt;Preceded by&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Sanford" title="Terry Sanford"&gt;Terry Sanford&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1" width="40%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Democratic Party (United States)"&gt;Democratic&lt;/a&gt; nominee for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States Senators from North Carolina"&gt;Senator from North Carolina&lt;/a&gt; (Class 3)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate_elections,_1998" title="United States Senate elections, 1998"&gt;1998&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td rowspan="1" width="30%" align="center"&gt;Succeeded by&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erskine_Bowles" title="Erskine Bowles"&gt;Erskine Bowles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="text-align: center;"&gt; &lt;td rowspan="1" width="30%" align="center"&gt;Preceded by&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman"&gt;Joe Lieberman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="text-align: center;" rowspan="1" width="40%"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_Vice_Presidential_nominees" title="List of United States Democratic Party Vice Presidential nominees" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Democratic Party Vice Presidential candidate&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_2004" title="U.S. presidential election, 2004" class="mw-redirect"&gt;2004&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup&gt;(1)&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td rowspan="1" width="30%" align="center"&gt;Succeeded by&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden"&gt;Joe Biden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="3" style="background: rgb(190, 190, 190) none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);"&gt;&lt;small&gt;&lt;b&gt;Notes and references&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="3" style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;small&gt;1. Most recent presidential election &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:As_of" title="Wikipedia:As of"&gt;as of&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/As_of_2008" title="As of 2008" class="mw-redirect"&gt;August 2008&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/small&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;table class="navbox" style="" cellspacing="0"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td style="padding: 2px;"&gt; &lt;table id="collapsibleTable0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; width: 100%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; color: inherit;" cellspacing="0"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"&gt;&lt;span style="float: right; font-weight: normal; text-align: right; width: 6em;"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:collapseTable(0);" id="collapseButton0"&gt;show&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div style="float: left; width: 6em; text-align: left;"&gt; &lt;div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0pt; background-color: transparent; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-size: xx-small;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="Template:United States presidential election, 2008"&gt;&lt;span title="View this template" style="border: medium none ;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 80%;"&gt;•&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="Template talk:United States presidential election, 2008"&gt;&lt;span style="border: medium none ; color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="Discussion about this template"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 80%;"&gt;•&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:United_States_presidential_election,_2008&amp;amp;action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:United_States_presidential_election,_2008&amp;amp;action=edit" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;span style="border: medium none ; color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving."&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 110%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="United States presidential election, 2008"&gt;2008 United States presidential election&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="" colspan="2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:2008_U.S._presidential_election" title="Template:2008 U.S. presidential election" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Results template&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_candidates_in_the_United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="List of candidates in the United States presidential election, 2008"&gt;Candidates&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_United_States_presidential_candidates,_2008" title="Comparison of United States presidential candidates, 2008"&gt;Comparison&lt;/a&gt;) • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_debates,_2008" title="United States presidential election debates, 2008"&gt;Debates&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congressional_endorsements_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Congressional endorsements for the 2008 United States presidential election"&gt;Congressional support&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundraising_for_the_2008_presidential_election" title="Fundraising for the 2008 presidential election" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Fundraising&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballot_access_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Ballot access for the 2008 United States presidential election" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Ballot access&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2008_timeline" title="United States presidential election, 2008 timeline"&gt;Timeline&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Tuesday,_2008" title="Super Tuesday, 2008"&gt;Super Tuesday&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potomac_primary" title="Potomac primary"&gt;Potomac primary&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_Tuesday_II,_2008" title="Super Tuesday II, 2008"&gt;Super Tuesday II&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw_polls_for_the_2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="Straw polls for the 2008 United States presidential election"&gt;Straw polls&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2008"&gt;General polls&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_United_States_presidential_election,_2008" title="Statewide opinion polling for the United States presidential election, 2008"&gt;Statewide general polls&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt; &lt;center&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Democratic Party (United States)"&gt;Democratic Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Democratic_National_Convention" title="2008 Democratic National Convention"&gt;Convention&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw_polls_for_the_Democratic_Party_2008_presidential_nomination" title="Straw polls for the Democratic Party 2008 presidential nomination"&gt;Straw polls&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries,_2008" title="Statewide opinion polling for the Democratic Party presidential primaries, 2008"&gt;Primary polls&lt;/a&gt; •&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_Democratic_Party_2008_presidential_candidates" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the Democratic Party 2008 presidential candidates"&gt;General polls&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_debates,_2008" title="Democratic Party (United States) presidential debates, 2008"&gt;Debates&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_primaries,_2008" title="Democratic Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008"&gt;Primaries&lt;/a&gt; •&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Results_of_the_2008_Democratic_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Results of the 2008 Democratic Party presidential primaries"&gt;Primary results&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_superdelegates,_2008" title="List of Democratic Party (United States) superdelegates, 2008"&gt;Superdelegates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/center&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nominee&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama"&gt;Barack Obama&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Barack Obama presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;VP Nominee:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden"&gt;Joe Biden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_candidates,_2008" title="Democratic Party (United States) presidential candidates, 2008"&gt;Former candidates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evan_Bayh" title="Evan Bayh"&gt;Evan Bayh&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden"&gt;Joe Biden&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillary_Rodham_Clinton" title="Hillary Rodham Clinton"&gt;Hillary Rodham Clinton&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hillary_Rodham_Clinton_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Hillary Rodham Clinton presidential campaign, 2008" class="mw-redirect"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Dodd" title="Christopher Dodd"&gt;Chris Dodd&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris_Dodd_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Chris Dodd presidential campaign, 2008" class="mw-redirect"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/strong&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="John Edwards presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Gravel" title="Mike Gravel"&gt;Mike Gravel&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Gravel_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Mike Gravel presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich" title="Dennis Kucinich"&gt;Dennis Kucinich&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Kucinich_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Dennis Kucinich presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dal_LaMagna" title="Dal LaMagna"&gt;Dal LaMagna&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Richardson" title="Bill Richardson"&gt;Bill Richardson&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Richardson_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Bill Richardson presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Vilsack" title="Tom Vilsack"&gt;Tom Vilsack&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Vilsack_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Tom Vilsack presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt; &lt;center&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Republican Party (United States)"&gt;Republican Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Republican_National_Convention" title="2008 Republican National Convention"&gt;Convention&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Straw_polls_for_the_Republican_Party_2008_presidential_nomination" title="Straw polls for the Republican Party 2008 presidential nomination"&gt;Straw polls&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statewide_opinion_polling_for_the_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries,_2008" title="Statewide opinion polling for the Republican Party presidential primaries, 2008"&gt;Primary polls&lt;/a&gt; •&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nationwide_opinion_polling_for_the_Republican_Party_2008_presidential_candidates" title="Nationwide opinion polling for the Republican Party 2008 presidential candidates"&gt;General polls&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_debates,_2008" title="Republican Party (United States) presidential debates, 2008"&gt;Debates&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_primaries,_2008" title="Republican Party (United States) presidential primaries, 2008"&gt;Primaries&lt;/a&gt; •&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Results_of_the_2008_Republican_Party_presidential_primaries" title="Results of the 2008 Republican Party presidential primaries"&gt;Primary results&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/center&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Presumptive nominee&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain"&gt;John McCain&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McCain_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="John McCain presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29_vice_presidential_candidates,_2008" title="Republican Party (United States) vice presidential candidates, 2008"&gt;VP presumptive nominee&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Palin" title="Sarah Palin"&gt;Sarah Palin&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29_presidential_candidates,_2008" title="Republican Party (United States) presidential candidates, 2008"&gt;Former candidates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Brownback" title="Sam Brownback"&gt;Sam Brownback&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hugh_Cort" title="Hugh Cort"&gt;Hugh Cort&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_H._Cox" title="John H. Cox"&gt;John Cox&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Ayers_Gilbert" title="Daniel Ayers Gilbert"&gt;Dan Gilbert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Gilmore" title="Jim Gilmore"&gt;Jim Gilmore&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Gilmore_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Jim Gilmore presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani" title="Rudy Giuliani"&gt;Rudy Giuliani&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Rudy Giuliani presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Huckabee" title="Mike Huckabee"&gt;Mike Huckabee&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Huckabee_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Mike Huckabee presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_Hunter" title="Duncan Hunter"&gt;Duncan Hunter&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duncan_Hunter_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Duncan Hunter presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes"&gt;Alan Keyes&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Keyes_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Alan Keyes presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_McKinney" title="Ray McKinney"&gt;Ray McKinney&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Paul" title="Ron Paul"&gt;Ron Paul&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron_Paul_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Ron Paul presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt;  •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitt_Romney" title="Mitt Romney"&gt;Mitt Romney&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitt_Romney_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Mitt Romney presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Tancredo" title="Tom Tancredo"&gt;Tom Tancredo&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Tancredo_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Tom Tancredo presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Thompson" title="Fred Thompson"&gt;Fred Thompson&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_Thompson_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Fred Thompson presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Thompson" title="Tommy Thompson"&gt;Tommy Thompson&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Thompson_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Tommy Thompson presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt; &lt;center&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Constitution Party (United States)"&gt;Constitution Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_Party_National_Convention" title="Constitution Party National Convention" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Convention&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/center&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nominee&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin" title="Chuck Baldwin"&gt;Chuck Baldwin&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuck_Baldwin_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Chuck Baldwin presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darrell_Castle" title="Darrell Castle"&gt;Darrell Castle&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_third_party_presidential_candidates#Constitution_Party" title="2008 third party presidential candidates" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Former candidates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Imperato" title="Daniel Imperato"&gt;Daniel Imperato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; • &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes"&gt;Alan Keyes&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Keyes_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Alan Keyes presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt; &lt;center&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Green Party (United States)"&gt;Green Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Green_National_Convention" title="2008 Green National Convention"&gt;Convention&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/center&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nominee&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynthia_McKinney" title="Cynthia McKinney"&gt;Cynthia McKinney&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynthia_McKinney_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Cynthia McKinney presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Clemente" title="Rosa Clemente"&gt;Rosa Clemente&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_third_party_presidential_candidates#Green_Party" title="2008 third party presidential candidates" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Former candidates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaine_Brown" title="Elaine Brown"&gt;Elaine Brown&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; • &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Johnson_%28politician%29" title="Jesse Johnson (politician)"&gt;Jesse Johnson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kent_Mesplay" title="Kent Mesplay"&gt;Kent Mesplay&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kat_Swift" title="Kat Swift"&gt;Kat Swift&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt; &lt;center&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libertarian_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Libertarian Party (United States)"&gt;Libertarian Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Libertarian_National_Convention" title="2008 Libertarian National Convention"&gt;Convention&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/center&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Nominee&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Barr" title="Bob Barr"&gt;Bob Barr&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Barr_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Bob Barr presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Allyn_Root" title="Wayne Allyn Root"&gt;Wayne Allyn Root&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_third_party_presidential_candidates#Libertarian_Party" title="2008 third party presidential candidates" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Former candidates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Gravel" title="Mike Gravel"&gt;Mike Gravel&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Gravel_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Mike Gravel presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; • &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Imperato" title="Daniel Imperato"&gt;Daniel Imperato&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Kubby" title="Steve Kubby"&gt;Steve Kubby&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Phillies" title="George Phillies"&gt;George Phillies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Allyn_Root" title="Wayne Allyn Root"&gt;Wayne Allyn Root&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Ruwart" title="Mary Ruwart"&gt;Mary Ruwart&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doug_Stanhope" title="Doug Stanhope"&gt;Doug Stanhope&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt; &lt;center&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_third_party_presidential_candidates,_2008" title="United States third party presidential candidates, 2008" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Minor parties&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/center&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston_Tea_Party_%28political_party%29" title="Boston Tea Party (political party)"&gt;Boston Tea Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Jay" title="Charles Jay"&gt;Charles Jay&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_L._Knapp" title="Thomas L. Knapp"&gt;Thomas Knapp&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; • &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibition_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Prohibition Party (United States)" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Prohibition Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Amondson" title="Gene Amondson"&gt;Gene Amondson&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leroy_Pletten" title="Leroy Pletten"&gt;Leroy Pletten&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Party_for_Socialism_and_Liberation" title="Party for Socialism and Liberation"&gt;Party for Socialism and Liberation&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gloria_La_Riva" title="Gloria La Riva"&gt;Gloria La Riva&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_Puryear" title="Eugene Puryear"&gt;Eugene Puryear&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Party_USA" title="Socialist Party USA"&gt;Socialist Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Moore_%28politician%29" title="Brian Moore (politician)"&gt;Brian Moore&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stewart_Alexander_%28politician%29" title="Stewart Alexander (politician)"&gt;Stewart Alexander&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialist_Workers_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Socialist Workers Party (United States)"&gt;Socialist Workers Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;: &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B3ger_Calero" title="Róger Calero"&gt;Róger Calero&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alyson_Kennedy" title="Alyson Kennedy"&gt;Alyson Kennedy&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt; &lt;center&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_%28politician%29" title="Independent (politician)"&gt;Independent&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/center&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Taylor_Bowles" title="John Taylor Bowles"&gt;John Taylor Bowles&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;  • &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Keyes" title="Alan Keyes"&gt;Alan Keyes&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Keyes_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Alan Keyes presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;  •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Nader" title="Ralph Nader"&gt;Ralph Nader&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Nader_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="Ralph Nader presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;campaign&lt;/a&gt;)/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Gonzalez" title="Matt Gonzalez"&gt;Matt Gonzalez&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonathon_Sharkey" title="Jonathon Sharkey"&gt;Jonathon Sharkey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt; &lt;center&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft_%28politics%29" title="Draft (politics)"&gt;Draft movements&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/center&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Democratic Party (United States)"&gt;Democratic Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore"&gt;Al Gore&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;  • &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Warner" title="Mark Warner"&gt;Mark Warner&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft_Mark_Warner" title="Draft Mark Warner"&gt;movement&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republican_Party_%28United_States%29" title="Republican Party (United States)"&gt;Republican Party&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newt_Gingrich" title="Newt Gingrich"&gt;Newt Gingrich&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice"&gt;Condoleezza Rice&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft_Condi_movement" title="Draft Condi movement"&gt;movement&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt; •&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_%28politician%29" title="Independent (politician)"&gt;Independent&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/u&gt;: &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Bloomberg" title="Michael Bloomberg"&gt;Michael Bloomberg&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft_Bloomberg_movement" title="Draft Bloomberg movement"&gt;movement&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="" colspan="2"&gt;Those listed following the "/" are the party's vice presidential nominee&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:United_States_general_elections,_2008" title="Template:United States general elections, 2008" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Other 2008 elections&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_House_elections,_2008" title="United States House elections, 2008" class="mw-redirect"&gt;House&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Senate_elections,_2008" title="United States Senate elections, 2008"&gt;Senate&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_gubernatorial_elections,_2008" title="United States gubernatorial elections, 2008"&gt;Gubernatorial&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;table class="navbox" style="" cellspacing="0"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td style="padding: 2px;"&gt; &lt;table id="collapsibleTable1" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; width: 100%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; color: inherit;" cellspacing="0"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"&gt;&lt;span style="float: right; font-weight: normal; text-align: right; width: 6em;"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:collapseTable(1);" id="collapseButton1"&gt;show&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div style="float: left; width: 6em; text-align: left;"&gt; &lt;div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0pt; background-color: transparent; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-size: xx-small;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:John_Edwards" title="Template:John Edwards"&gt;&lt;span title="View this template" style="border: medium none ;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 80%;"&gt;•&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:John_Edwards&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:John Edwards (page does not exist)"&gt;&lt;span style="border: medium none ; color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="Discussion about this template"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 80%;"&gt;•&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:John_Edwards&amp;amp;action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:John_Edwards&amp;amp;action=edit" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;span style="border: medium none ; color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving."&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 110%;"&gt;&lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt;Family&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Edwards" title="Elizabeth Edwards"&gt;Elizabeth Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cate_Edwards" title="Cate Edwards"&gt;Cate Edwards&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 2px; width: 0%;" rowspan="5"&gt; &lt;div class="floatright"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:John_Edwards,_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg" class="image" title="John Edwards, official Senate photo portrait.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg/50px-John_Edwards%2C_official_Senate_photo_portrait.jpg" width="50" border="0" height="64" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt;Political activities&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards_presidential_campaign,_2004" title="John Edwards presidential campaign, 2004"&gt;John Edwards presidential campaign, 2004&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election,_2004" title="United States presidential election, 2004"&gt;United States presidential election, 2004&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Americas" title="Two Americas"&gt;Two Americas&lt;/a&gt;" &lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards_presidential_campaign,_2008" title="John Edwards presidential campaign, 2008"&gt;John Edwards presidential campaign, 2008&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_positions_of_John_Edwards" title="Political positions of John Edwards"&gt;Political positions&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards_extramarital_affair" title="John Edwards extramarital affair"&gt;Extramarital affair&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td class="navbox-group" style=""&gt;Books authored&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(253, 253, 253); padding: 0px; text-align: left; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_Trials" title="Four Trials"&gt;Four Trials&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;table class="navbox" style="" cellspacing="0"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td style="padding: 2px;"&gt; &lt;table id="collapsibleTable2" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; width: 100%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; color: inherit;" cellspacing="0"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="" colspan="3" class="navbox-title"&gt;&lt;span style="float: right; font-weight: normal; text-align: right; width: 6em;"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:collapseTable(2);" id="collapseButton2"&gt;show&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div style="float: left; width: 6em; text-align: left;"&gt; &lt;div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0pt; background-color: transparent; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-size: xx-small;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:USSenNC" title="Template:USSenNC"&gt;&lt;span title="View this template" style="border: medium none ;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 80%;"&gt;•&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:USSenNC&amp;amp;action=edit&amp;amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:USSenNC (page does not exist)"&gt;&lt;span style="border: medium none ; color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="Discussion about this template"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 80%;"&gt;•&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:USSenNC&amp;amp;action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:USSenNC&amp;amp;action=edit" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;span style="border: medium none ; color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving."&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 110%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Senators_from_North_Carolina" title="List of United States Senators from North Carolina"&gt;United States Senators from North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Class 2&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Johnston" title="Samuel Johnston"&gt;Johnston&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Martin" title="Alexander Martin"&gt;Martin&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Franklin" title="Jesse Franklin"&gt;Franklin&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Turner" title="James Turner"&gt;Turner&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montfort_Stokes" title="Montfort Stokes"&gt;Stokes&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Branch" title="John Branch"&gt;Branch&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bedford_Brown" title="Bedford Brown"&gt;Brown&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willie_Person_Mangum" title="Willie Person Mangum"&gt;Mangum&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Settle_Reid" title="David Settle Reid"&gt;Reid&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Bragg" title="Thomas Bragg"&gt;Bragg&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Carter_Abbott" title="Joseph Carter Abbott"&gt;Abbott&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matt_Whitaker_Ransom" title="Matt Whitaker Ransom"&gt;Ransom&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marion_Butler" title="Marion Butler"&gt;Butler&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furnifold_McLendel_Simmons" title="Furnifold McLendel Simmons"&gt;Simmons&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josiah_William_Bailey" title="Josiah William Bailey"&gt;Bailey&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_B._Umstead" title="William B. Umstead"&gt;Umstead&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Melville_Broughton" title="J. Melville Broughton"&gt;Broughton&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Porter_Graham" title="Frank Porter Graham"&gt;F. Graham&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willis_Smith" title="Willis Smith"&gt;Smith&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alton_Asa_Lennon" title="Alton Asa Lennon"&gt;Lennon&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Kerr_Scott" title="W. Kerr Scott"&gt;Scott&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Everett_Jordan" title="B. Everett Jordan"&gt;Jordan&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Helms" title="Jesse Helms"&gt;Helms&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Dole" title="Elizabeth Dole"&gt;Dole&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;b&gt;Class 3&lt;/b&gt;: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Hawkins" title="Benjamin Hawkins"&gt;Hawkins&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timothy_Bloodworth" title="Timothy Bloodworth"&gt;Bloodworth&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Stone" title="David Stone"&gt;Stone&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Franklin" title="Jesse Franklin"&gt;Franklin&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Stone" title="David Stone"&gt;Stone&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Locke" title="Francis Locke"&gt;Locke&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathaniel_Macon" title="Nathaniel Macon"&gt;Macon&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Iredell,_Jr." title="James Iredell, Jr."&gt;Iredell&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willie_Person_Mangum" title="Willie Person Mangum"&gt;Mangum&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Strange" title="Robert Strange"&gt;Strange&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Alexander_Graham" title="William Alexander Graham"&gt;W. Graham&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Henry_Haywood,_Jr." title="William Henry Haywood, Jr."&gt;Haywood&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Edmund_Badger" title="George Edmund Badger"&gt;Badger&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asa_Biggs" title="Asa Biggs"&gt;Biggs&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Lanier_Clingman" title="Thomas Lanier Clingman"&gt;Clingman&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Pool" title="John Pool"&gt;Pool&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augustus_Summerfield_Merrimon" title="Augustus Summerfield Merrimon"&gt;Merrimon&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zebulon_Baird_Vance" title="Zebulon Baird Vance"&gt;Vance&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jordan_Jarvis" title="Thomas Jordan Jarvis"&gt;Jarvis&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeter_Connelly_Pritchard" title="Jeter Connelly Pritchard"&gt;Pritchard&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_Slater_Overman" title="Lee Slater Overman"&gt;Overman&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameron_A._Morrison" title="Cameron A. Morrison"&gt;Morrison&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Rice_Reynolds" title="Robert Rice Reynolds"&gt;Reynolds&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clyde_R._Hoey" title="Clyde R. Hoey"&gt;Hoey&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Ervin" title="Sam Ervin"&gt;Ervin&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Burren_Morgan" title="Robert Burren Morgan"&gt;Morgan&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Porter_East" title="John Porter East"&gt;East&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Broyhill" title="Jim Broyhill"&gt;Broyhill&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Sanford" title="Terry Sanford"&gt;Sanford&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauch_Faircloth" title="Lauch Faircloth"&gt;Faircloth&lt;/a&gt; • &lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;Edwards&lt;/strong&gt; • &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Burr" title="Richard Burr"&gt;Burr&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td style="padding: 0px 0px 0px 2px; width: 0%;" rowspan="1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Senate_Seal.svg" class="image" title="United States Senate"&gt;&lt;img alt="United States Senate" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Senate_Seal.svg/80px-Senate_Seal.svg.png" width="80" border="0" height="80" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;table class="navbox" style="" cellspacing="0"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td style="padding: 2px;"&gt; &lt;table id="collapsibleTable3" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; width: 100%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; color: inherit;" cellspacing="0"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"&gt;&lt;span style="float: right; font-weight: normal; text-align: right; width: 6em;"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:collapseTable(3);" id="collapseButton3"&gt;show&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt; &lt;div style="float: left; width: 6em; text-align: left;"&gt; &lt;div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="border: medium none ; padding: 0pt; background-color: transparent; white-space: nowrap; font-weight: normal; font-size: xx-small;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:USDemVicePresNominees" title="Template:USDemVicePresNominees"&gt;&lt;span title="View this template" style="border: medium none ;"&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 80%;"&gt;•&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:USDemVicePresNominees" title="Template talk:USDemVicePresNominees"&gt;&lt;span style="border: medium none ; color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="Discussion about this template"&gt;d&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 80%;"&gt;•&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:USDemVicePresNominees&amp;amp;action=edit" class="external text" title="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:USDemVicePresNominees&amp;amp;action=edit" rel="nofollow"&gt;&lt;span style="border: medium none ; color: rgb(0, 43, 184);" title="You can edit this template. Please use the preview button before saving."&gt;e&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;span style="font-size: 110%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets"&gt;United States Democratic Party Vice Presidential Nominees&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="height: 2px; display: none;"&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" style="padding: 0px; width: 100%;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"&gt; &lt;div style="padding: 0em 0.25em;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Calhoun" title="John C. Calhoun"&gt;John C. Calhoun&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren"&gt;Martin Van Buren&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Mentor_Johnson" title="Richard Mentor Johnson"&gt;Richard Mentor Johnson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_M._Dallas" title="George M. Dallas"&gt;George M. Dallas&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Orlando_Butler" title="William Orlando Butler"&gt;William Orlando Butler&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_R._King" title="William R. King"&gt;William R. King&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_C._Breckinridge" title="John C. Breckinridge"&gt;John C. Breckinridge&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herschel_Vespasian_Johnson" title="Herschel Vespasian Johnson"&gt;Herschel Vespasian Johnson&lt;/a&gt; / &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Lane" title="Joseph Lane"&gt;Joseph Lane&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_H._Pendleton" title="George H. Pendleton"&gt;George H. Pendleton&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Preston_Blair,_Jr." title="Francis Preston Blair, Jr."&gt;Francis Preston Blair, Jr.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._Gratz_Brown" title="B. Gratz Brown"&gt;B. Gratz Brown&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks"&gt;Thomas A. Hendricks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hayden_English" title="William Hayden English"&gt;William Hayden English&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_A._Hendricks" title="Thomas A. Hendricks"&gt;Thomas A. Hendricks&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_G._Thurman" title="Allen G. Thurman"&gt;Allen G. Thurman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adlai_E._Stevenson_I" title="Adlai E. Stevenson I"&gt;Adlai E. Stevenson I&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Sewall" title="Arthur Sewall"&gt;Arthur Sewall&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adlai_E._Stevenson_I" title="Adlai E. Stevenson I"&gt;Adlai E. Stevenson I&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_G._Davis" title="Henry G. Davis"&gt;Henry G. Davis&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_W._Kern" title="John W. Kern"&gt;John W. Kern&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_R._Marshall" title="Thomas R. Marshall"&gt;Thomas R. Marshall&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt"&gt;Franklin D. Roosevelt&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_W._Bryan" title="Charles W. Bryan"&gt;Charles W. Bryan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Taylor_Robinson" title="Joseph Taylor Robinson"&gt;Joseph Taylor Robinson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nance_Garner" title="John Nance Garner"&gt;John Nance Garner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_A._Wallace" title="Henry A. Wallace"&gt;Henry A. Wallace&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman"&gt;Harry S. Truman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alben_W._Barkley" title="Alben W. Barkley"&gt;Alben W. Barkley&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sparkman" title="John Sparkman"&gt;John Sparkman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estes_Kefauver" title="Estes Kefauver"&gt;Estes Kefauver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson"&gt;Lyndon B. Johnson&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubert_Humphrey" title="Hubert Humphrey"&gt;Hubert Humphrey&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmund_Muskie" title="Edmund Muskie"&gt;Edmund Muskie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Eagleton" title="Thomas Eagleton"&gt;Thomas Eagleton&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sargent_Shriver" title="Sargent Shriver"&gt;Sargent Shriver&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Mondale" title="Walter Mondale"&gt;Walter Mondale&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geraldine_Ferraro" title="Geraldine Ferraro"&gt;Geraldine Ferraro&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_Bentsen" title="Lloyd Bentsen"&gt;Lloyd Bentsen&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al_Gore" title="Al Gore"&gt;Al Gore&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Lieberman" title="Joe Lieberman"&gt;Joe Lieberman&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;strong class="selflink"&gt;John Edwards&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;span style="font-weight: bold;"&gt; ·&lt;/span&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden"&gt;Joe Biden&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;table id="persondata" class="persondata"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th colspan="2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Persondata" title="Wikipedia:Persondata"&gt;Persondata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;NAME&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Edwards, Johnny Reid&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;ALTERNATIVE NAMES&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Edwards, John&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;SHORT DESCRIPTION&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;American politician&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;DATE OF BIRTH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/June_10" title="June 10"&gt;June 10&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953" title="1953"&gt;1953&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;PLACE OF BIRTH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seneca,_South_Carolina" title="Seneca, South Carolina"&gt;Seneca&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Carolina" title="South Carolina"&gt;South Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;DATE OF DEATH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;PLACE OF DEATH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;   &lt;!--  NewPP limit report Preprocessor node count: 17261/1000000 Post-expand include size: 176707/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 96837/2048000 bytes Expensive parser function count: 2/500 --&gt;  &lt;!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:166163-0!1!0!default!!en!2!edit=0 and timestamp 20080829160238 --&gt; &lt;div class="printfooter"&gt; Retrieved from "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards"&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Edwards&lt;/a&gt;"&lt;/div&gt;    &lt;div id="mw-normal-catlinks"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories"&gt;Categories&lt;/a&gt;: &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:1953_births" title="Category:1953 births"&gt;1953 births&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Living_people" title="Category:Living people"&gt;Living people&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:2004_United_States_election_voting_controversies" title="Category:2004 United States election voting controversies"&gt;2004 United States election voting controversies&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Anti-poverty_advocates" title="Category:Anti-poverty advocates"&gt;Anti-poverty advocates&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Democratic_Party_%28United_States%29_vice_presidential_nominees" title="Category:Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees"&gt;Democratic Party (United States) vice presidential nominees&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:English_Americans" title="Category:English Americans"&gt;English Americans&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:North_Carolina_Democrats" title="Category:North Carolina Democrats"&gt;North Carolina Democrats&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:North_Carolina_lawyers" title="Category:North Carolina lawyers"&gt;North Carolina lawyers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:North_Carolina_State_University_alumni" title="Category:North Carolina State University alumni"&gt;North Carolina State University alumni&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:North_Carolina_writers" title="Category:North Carolina writers"&gt;North Carolina writers&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_from_Raleigh,_North_Carolina" title="Category:People from Raleigh, North Carolina"&gt;People from Raleigh, North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_from_South_Carolina" title="Category:People from South Carolina"&gt;People from South Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_from_the_Triangle,_North_Carolina" title="Category:People from the Triangle, North Carolina"&gt;People from the Triangle, North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_podcasters" title="Category:American podcasters"&gt;American podcasters&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Social_Progressives" title="Category:Social Progressives"&gt;Social Progressives&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:United_States_Senators_from_North_Carolina" title="Category:United States Senators from North Carolina"&gt;United States Senators from North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill_alumni" title="Category:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni"&gt;University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill alumni&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:People_from_Chapel_Hill,_North_Carolina" title="Category:People from Chapel Hill, North Carolina"&gt;People from Chapel Hill, North Carolina&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:United_States_presidential_candidates,_2004" title="Category:United States presidential candidates, 2004"&gt;United States presidential candidates, 2004&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:United_States_presidential_candidates,_2008" title="Category:United States presidential candidates, 2008"&gt;United States presidential candidates, 2008&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:American_Methodists" title="Category:American Methodists"&gt;American Methodists&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Political_sex_scandals" title="Category:Political sex scandals"&gt;Political sex scandals&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt; | &lt;span dir="ltr"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Sex_scandal_figures" title="Category:Sex scandal figures"&gt;Sex scandal figures&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5224125977441740164-2145918382361029171?l=ryderstory.blogspot.com'/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/feeds/2145918382361029171/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5224125977441740164&amp;postID=2145918382361029171' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/2145918382361029171'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/2145918382361029171'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/2008/08/john-edwards.html' title='John Edwards'/><author><name>Ryder Story</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17312720952332986716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='04342108806553812836'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164.post-5510287199227746688</id><published>2008-08-29T23:26:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-29T23:28:34.380-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Kim Kardashian'/><title type='text'>Kim Kardashian</title><content type='html'>&lt;h1 class="firstHeading"&gt;Kim Kardashian&lt;/h1&gt;       &lt;h3 id="siteSub"&gt;From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia&lt;/h3&gt;    &lt;div id="contentSub"&gt;  (Redirected from &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kim_kardashian&amp;amp;redirect=no" title="Kim kardashian"&gt;Kim kardashian&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/div&gt;          &lt;div id="jump-to-nav"&gt;Jump to: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#column-one"&gt;navigation&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#searchInput"&gt;search&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;   &lt;!-- start content --&gt;    &lt;div class="metadata plainlinks" id="protected-icon" style="position: absolute; z-index: 100; right: 55px; top: 10px;"&gt; &lt;div style="position: relative;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;table class="infobox biography vcard" style="line-height: 1.5em; width: 22em; font-size: 95%; text-align: left;" cellspacing="5"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" class="fn" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-size: 125%;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Kim Kardashian&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 4pt; line-height: 1.25em; text-align: center; font-size: 8pt;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Kim_Kardashian.jpg" class="image" title="Kim Kardashian.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Kim_Kardashian.jpg/225px-Kim_Kardashian.jpg" width="225" border="0" height="335" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div style="padding-top: 2pt;"&gt;&lt;span style=""&gt;Kim Kardashian at the Seventh Annual Hollywood Life Magazine Awards.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Born&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Kimberly Noel Kardashian&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_21" title="October 21"&gt;October 21&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980" title="1980"&gt;1980&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="display: none;"&gt;(&lt;span class="bday"&gt;1980-10-21&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="noprint"&gt;(age 27)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" title="Los Angeles, California"&gt;Los Angeles, California&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Residence&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="label" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calabasas,_California" title="Calabasas, California"&gt;Calabasas, California&lt;/a&gt;&lt;sup class="noprint Template-Fact"&gt;&lt;span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources since May 2008" style="white-space: nowrap;"&gt;[&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"&gt;citation needed&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Nationality&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States"&gt;American&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Occupation&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="role" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrepreneur" title="Entrepreneur"&gt;Entrepreneur&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actress" title="Actress" class="mw-redirect"&gt;actress&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Height&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;5 &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foot_%28unit_of_measurement%29" title="Foot (unit of measurement)" class="mw-redirect"&gt;ft&lt;/a&gt; 3 &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inch" title="Inch"&gt;in&lt;/a&gt; (1.60 &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre" title="Metre"&gt;m&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Known for&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Reality show &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians" title="Keeping Up with the Kardashians"&gt;Keeping Up with the Kardashians&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;, sex tape with singer "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_J" title="Ray J"&gt;Ray J&lt;/a&gt;"&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Partner&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggie_Bush" title="Reggie Bush"&gt;Reggie Bush&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Parents&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kardashian" title="Robert Kardashian"&gt;Robert Kardashian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kris_Jenner" title="Kris Jenner"&gt;Kris Jenner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;th style="padding: 0.2em 1em 0.2em 0.2em; background: transparent none repeat scroll 0% 0%; -moz-background-clip: -moz-initial; -moz-background-origin: -moz-initial; -moz-background-inline-policy: -moz-initial; line-height: 1.2em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%;"&gt;Relatives&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td class="" style="padding: 0.2em; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brody_Jenner" title="Brody Jenner"&gt;Brody Jenner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Jenner" title="Bruce Jenner"&gt;Bruce Jenner&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khloe_Kardashian" title="Khloe Kardashian"&gt;Khloe Kardashian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kourtney_Kardashian" title="Kourtney Kardashian"&gt;Kourtney Kardashian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Kardashian" title="Rob Kardashian"&gt;Robert Kardashian Jr.&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Kylie Jenner&lt;br /&gt;Kendall Jenner&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" class="" style="padding: 0.2em; text-align: center; line-height: 1.3em; vertical-align: middle; font-size: 90%;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Website&lt;/b&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/" rel="nofollow"&gt;OfficialKimKardashian.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Kimberly Noel Kardashian&lt;/b&gt; (born &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_21" title="October 21"&gt;October 21&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980" title="1980"&gt;1980&lt;/a&gt;) is an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States"&gt;American&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stylist" title="Stylist" class="mw-redirect"&gt;stylist&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actress" title="Actress" class="mw-redirect"&gt;actress&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebutante" title="Celebutante"&gt;celebutante&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Socialite" title="Socialite"&gt;socialite&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fashion_model" title="Fashion model" class="mw-redirect"&gt;model&lt;/a&gt;, apparel retailer&lt;sup id="cite_ref-kimofficial_0-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-kimofficial-0" title=""&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_personality" title="Television personality" class="mw-redirect"&gt;television personality&lt;/a&gt;. She is perhaps best known for her &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_relation" title="Social relation"&gt;social life&lt;/a&gt;, stolen &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebrity_sex_tape" title="Celebrity sex tape"&gt;sex tape&lt;/a&gt;, and her appearances on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reality_show" title="Reality show" class="mw-redirect"&gt;reality show&lt;/a&gt; &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians" title="Keeping Up with the Kardashians"&gt;Keeping Up with the Kardashians&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;div id="toctitle"&gt; &lt;h2&gt;Contents&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;span class="toctoggle"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink"&gt;hide&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#Early_life"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Early life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#Family_and_personal_life"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Family and personal life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#Sex_tape_scandal"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Sex tape scandal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#Other_pursuits"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Other pursuits&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#Filmography"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Filmography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#Television_appearances"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Television appearances&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#References"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#External_links"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; //&lt;![CDATA[  if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); }  //]]&gt; &lt;/script&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Early_life" id="Early_life"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Early life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;Of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_American" title="Armenian American" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Armenian&lt;/a&gt; (father) and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_American" title="Irish American"&gt;Irish&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_American" title="German American"&gt;German&lt;/a&gt; (mother) descent,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Kardashian was born in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" title="Los Angeles, California"&gt;Los Angeles&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California"&gt;California&lt;/a&gt;, the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daughter" title="Daughter"&gt;daughter&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attorney_at_law" title="Attorney at law"&gt;attorney&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kardashian" title="Robert Kardashian"&gt;Robert Kardashian&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kris_Jenner" title="Kris Jenner"&gt;Kris Jenner&lt;/a&gt; (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Married_and_maiden_names" title="Married and maiden names"&gt;née&lt;/a&gt; Houghton). &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kardashian" title="Robert Kardashian"&gt;Robert Kardashian&lt;/a&gt;, best known for being &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O._J._Simpson" title="O. J. Simpson"&gt;O. J. Simpson&lt;/a&gt;’s &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawyer" title="Lawyer"&gt;lawyer&lt;/a&gt; during his murder trial, died on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_30" title="September 30"&gt;September 30&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-2" title=""&gt;[3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Her mother, Kris, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divorce" title="Divorce"&gt;divorced&lt;/a&gt; Robert in 1989, and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marriage" title="Marriage"&gt;married&lt;/a&gt; former &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games"&gt;Olympian&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruce_Jenner" title="Bruce Jenner"&gt;Bruce Jenner&lt;/a&gt; in 1991.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-3" title=""&gt;[4]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; While attending high school Kardashian worked at her father's music marketing firm, &lt;i&gt;Movie Tunes&lt;/i&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-kimofficial_0-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-kimofficial-0" title=""&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Family_and_personal_life" id="Family_and_personal_life"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Family and personal life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;Kardashian has two sisters, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kourtney_Kardashian" title="Kourtney Kardashian"&gt;Kourtney&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khloe_Kardashian" title="Khloe Kardashian"&gt;Khloe&lt;/a&gt;, and one brother, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rob_Kardashian" title="Rob Kardashian"&gt;Robert&lt;/a&gt;. She also has stepbrothers Burton Jenner; Brandon Jenner; and reality TV star &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brody_Jenner" title="Brody Jenner"&gt;Brody Jenner&lt;/a&gt;; stepsister Casey Jenner; and half-sisters Kendall and Kylie Jenner.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-4" title=""&gt;[5]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 2000, Kardashian married music producer &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damon_Thomas" title="Damon Thomas" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Damon Thomas&lt;/a&gt;; their relationship ended in divorce in 2004. Currently she is dating &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League"&gt;NFL&lt;/a&gt; player &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggie_Bush" title="Reggie Bush"&gt;Reggie Bush&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Sex_tape_scandal" id="Sex_tape_scandal"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Sex tape scandal&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Kardashian was little known outside &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gossip" title="Gossip"&gt;gossip&lt;/a&gt; circles until the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebrity_sex_tape" title="Celebrity sex tape"&gt;pornographic home video&lt;/a&gt; she had made with then-boyfriend, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%26B" title="R&amp;amp;B" class="mw-redirect"&gt;R&amp;amp;B&lt;/a&gt; singer &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_J" title="Ray J"&gt;Ray J&lt;/a&gt;, was leaked. &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vivid_Entertainment" title="Vivid Entertainment"&gt;Vivid Entertainment&lt;/a&gt; was the distribution company against which Kardashian had pursued legal action for the ownership of the tape.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-6" title=""&gt;[7]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Kardashian later dropped the suit and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_settlement" title="Legal settlement" class="mw-redirect"&gt;settled&lt;/a&gt; with Vivid Entertainment for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar"&gt;US$&lt;/a&gt; 5 million.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-7" title=""&gt;[8]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Other_pursuits" id="Other_pursuits"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Other pursuits&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_2" title="May 2"&gt;May 2&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;, Kardashian released a workout &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DVD" title="DVD"&gt;DVD&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Workout with Kim Kardashian,&lt;/i&gt; and a set of workout cards with the help of trainer Kathy Kaehler.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-8" title=""&gt;[9]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_2008" title="July 2008"&gt;July 2008&lt;/a&gt;, Kardashian announced on her personal &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blog" title="Blog"&gt;blog&lt;/a&gt; that she is working on her own perfume line to be released in 2009.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-9" title=""&gt;[10]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_Morning_America" title="Good Morning America"&gt;Good Morning America&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; announced on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_25" title="August 25"&gt;August 25&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt; that Kardashian would be one of 13 participants on the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_with_the_Stars_%28U.S._season_7%29" title="Dancing with the Stars (U.S. season 7)"&gt;seventh season&lt;/a&gt; of &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dancing_with_the_Stars_%28U.S._TV_series%29" title="Dancing with the Stars (U.S. TV series)"&gt;Dancing with the Stars&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;; she will be partnered with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Ballas" title="Mark Ballas"&gt;Mark Ballas&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_note-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Filmography" id="Filmography"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Filmography&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;Deep in the Valley&lt;/i&gt; (Post-production, 2009)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaster_Movie" title="Disaster Movie"&gt;Disaster Movie&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (Filming, 2008)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Television_appearances" id="Television_appearances"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Television appearances&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Simple_Life" title="The Simple Life"&gt;The Simple Life&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (2 episodes, 2006)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond_the_Break_%28TV_series%29" title="Beyond the Break (TV series)"&gt;Beyond the Break&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (1 episode, 2006)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunset_Tan" title="Sunset Tan"&gt;Sunset Tan&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (1 episode, 2007)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mas_Vale_Tarde" title="Mas Vale Tarde"&gt;Más vale tarde&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (1 episode, 2007)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keeping_Up_with_the_Kardashians" title="Keeping Up with the Kardashians"&gt;Keeping Up with the Kardashians&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (2007-present)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWE_Raw" title="WWE Raw"&gt;WWE Raw&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (1 episode, 2008)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WrestleMania_XXIV" title="WrestleMania XXIV"&gt;WrestleMania XXIV&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (2008)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebrity_Family_Feud" title="Celebrity Family Feud"&gt;Celebrity Family Feud&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt; (1 episode, 2008)&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="References" id="References"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="references-small"&gt; &lt;ol class="references"&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-kimofficial-0"&gt;^ &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-kimofficial_0-0" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;a&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-kimofficial_0-1" title=""&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;b&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/a&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/about.php" class="external text" title="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/about.php" rel="nofollow"&gt;Official Kim Kardashian Website: Biography&lt;/a&gt;". Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_22" title="February 22"&gt;02-22&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-1"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-1" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;cite style="font-style: normal;"&gt;Lo, Danica (2007-11-08) &lt;a href="http://www.nypost.com/seven/11082007/entertainment/fashion/prim_kardashian_983536.htm?page=0" class="external text" title="http://www.nypost.com/seven/11082007/entertainment/fashion/prim_kardashian_983536.htm?page=0" rel="nofollow"&gt;"Prim Kardashian"&lt;/a&gt; in &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post"&gt;New York Post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/cite&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-2" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.cnn.com/2003/US/West/10/01/OJattorney.dead/" class="external text" title="http://www.cnn.com/2003/US/West/10/01/OJattorney.dead/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Caught on Tape: Kim Kardashian Goes Home With Her Family&lt;/a&gt;", CNN.com (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003" title="2003"&gt;2003&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_1" title="October 1"&gt;10-01&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_22" title="February 22"&gt;02-22&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.title=Caught+on+Tape%3A+Kim+Kardashian+Goes+Home+With+Her+Family&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2003%2FUS%2FWest%2F10%2F01%2FOJattorney.dead%2F&amp;amp;rft.publisher=CNN.com&amp;amp;rft.date=2003-10-01"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-3"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-3" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Jodran, Peg (1994-01/02). "&lt;a href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0675/is_n1_v12/ai_14832566" class="external text" title="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0675/is_n1_v12/ai_14832566" rel="nofollow"&gt;First family of fitness - Bruce and Kris Jenner&lt;/a&gt;", American Fitness&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_22" title="February 22"&gt;02-22&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Peg&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Jodran&amp;amp;rft.title=First+family+of+fitness+-+Bruce+and+Kris+Jenner&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Ffindarticles.com%2Fp%2Farticles%2Fmi_m0675%2Fis_n1_v12%2Fai_14832566&amp;amp;rft.publisher=American+Fitness&amp;amp;rft.date=1994-01%2F02"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-4"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-4" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Buckman, Adam (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_4" title="October 4"&gt;10-04&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.nypost.com/seven/10142007/tv/caught_on_tape.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.nypost.com/seven/10142007/tv/caught_on_tape.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Caught on Tape: Kim Kardashian Goes Home With Her Family&lt;/a&gt;", &lt;i&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Post" title="New York Post"&gt;New York Post&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_22" title="February 22"&gt;02-22&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Adam&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Buckman&amp;amp;rft.title=Caught+on+Tape%3A+Kim+Kardashian+Goes+Home+With+Her+Family&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypost.com%2Fseven%2F10142007%2Ftv%2Fcaught_on_tape.htm&amp;amp;rft.source=%5B%5BNew+York+Post%5D%5D&amp;amp;rft.date=2007-10-04"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-5"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-5" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Lu, Anne (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_8" title="January 8"&gt;01-08&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7009589393" class="external text" title="http://www.allheadlinenews.com/articles/7009589393" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kim Kardashian Engaged?&lt;/a&gt;"&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_22" title="February 22"&gt;02-22&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Anne&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Lu&amp;amp;rft.title=Kim+Kardashian+Engaged%3F&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.allheadlinenews.com%2Farticles%2F7009589393&amp;amp;rft.date=2008-01-08"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-6"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-6" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; David Sullivan (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_7" title="February 7"&gt;02-07&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.avn.com/index.cfm?objectId=DB7C87E5-9087-D6B4-E280718B1FE369D3" class="external text" title="http://www.avn.com/index.cfm?objectId=DB7C87E5-9087-D6B4-E280718B1FE369D3" rel="nofollow"&gt;Vivid Acquires Kim Karsdashian Sex Tape for $1 Million&lt;/a&gt;". &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AVN" title="AVN"&gt;AVN&lt;/a&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_22" title="March 22"&gt;03-22&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-7"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-7" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Johnson, Richard (&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" title="2007"&gt;2007&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1" title="May 1"&gt;05-01&lt;/a&gt;). "&lt;a href="http://www.nypost.com/seven/05012007/gossip/pagesix/happy_ending_pagesix_.htm" class="external text" title="http://www.nypost.com/seven/05012007/gossip/pagesix/happy_ending_pagesix_.htm" rel="nofollow"&gt;Happy Ending&lt;/a&gt;", New York Post&lt;span class="reference-accessdate"&gt;. Retrieved on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008" title="2008"&gt;2008&lt;/a&gt;-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_26" title="February 26"&gt;02-26&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;.&lt;span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&amp;amp;rft.type=newspaperArticle&amp;amp;rft.subject=News&amp;amp;rft.aufirst=Richard&amp;amp;rft.aulast=Johnson&amp;amp;rft.title=Happy+Ending&amp;amp;rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypost.com%2Fseven%2F05012007%2Fgossip%2Fpagesix%2Fhappy_ending_pagesix_.htm&amp;amp;rft.publisher=New+York+Post&amp;amp;rft.date=2007-05-01"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none;"&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-8"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-8" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/2008/05/breaking-news-my-online-store.php" class="external text" title="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/2008/05/breaking-news-my-online-store.php" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kim Kardashian Releases Workout DVD&lt;/a&gt;".&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-9"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-9" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; "&lt;a href="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/2008/07/breaking-news-im-launching-my.php" class="external text" title="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/2008/07/breaking-news-im-launching-my.php" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kim Kardashian Launches Perfume&lt;/a&gt;".&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li id="cite_note-10"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_kardashian#cite_ref-10" title=""&gt;^&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt; &lt;a href="http://abc.go.com/primetime/dancingwiththestars/index?pn=announcement" class="external free" title="http://abc.go.com/primetime/dancingwiththestars/index?pn=announcement" rel="nofollow"&gt;http://abc.go.com/primetime/dancingwiththestars/index?pn=announcement&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ol&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="External_links" id="External_links"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;div class="infobox sisterproject"&gt; &lt;div style="float: left;" align="left"&gt; &lt;div style="position: relative;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian" title="Commons:Kim Kardashian"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/50px-Commons-logo.svg.png" width="50" border="0" height="67" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;div style="margin-left: 60px;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"&gt;Wikimedia Commons&lt;/a&gt; has media related to: &lt;div style="margin-left: 10px;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian" class="extiw" title="commons:Kim Kardashian"&gt;Kim Kardashian&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/" class="external text" title="http://www.officialkimkardashian.com/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kim Kardashian's official site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.myspace.com/kimsaprincess" class="external text" title="http://www.myspace.com/kimsaprincess" rel="nofollow"&gt;Official Myspace Site&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2578007/" class="external text" title="http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2578007/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kimberly Kardashian&lt;/a&gt; at the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" title="Internet Movie Database"&gt;Internet Movie Database&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.playboy.com/sex/d12/kim-kardashian/" class="external text" title="http://www.playboy.com/sex/d12/kim-kardashian/" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kim Kardashian&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Playboy" title="Playboy"&gt;Playboy&lt;/a&gt;'s Dirty Dozen Q&amp;amp;A.&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.eonline.com/celebrities/profile/index.jsp?uuid=54228c04-3178-40eb-ab8b-f92a09840d21" class="external text" title="http://www.eonline.com/celebrities/profile/index.jsp?uuid=54228c04-3178-40eb-ab8b-f92a09840d21" rel="nofollow"&gt;Kim Kardashian&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%21_Online" title="E! Online" class="mw-redirect"&gt;E! Online&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table id="persondata" class="persondata"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th colspan="2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Persondata" title="Wikipedia:Persondata"&gt;Persondata&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;NAME&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Kardashian, Kim&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;ALTERNATIVE NAMES&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;Kardashian, Kimberly Noel&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;SHORT DESCRIPTION&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrepreneur" title="Entrepreneur"&gt;Entrepreneur&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_%28person%29" title="Model (person)"&gt;model&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actress" title="Actress" class="mw-redirect"&gt;actress&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;DATE OF BIRTH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;1980-10-21&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;PLACE OF BIRTH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" title="Los Angeles, California"&gt;Los Angeles, California&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;DATE OF DEATH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td class="persondata-label"&gt;PLACE OF DEATH&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt;   &lt;!--  NewPP limit report Preprocessor node count: 3087/1000000 Post-expand include size: 33693/2048000 bytes Template argument size: 11948/2048000 bytes Expensive parser function count: 1/500 --&gt;  &lt;!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:idhash:7443812-0!1!0!default!!en!2!edit=0 and timestamp 20080830021859 --&gt; &lt;div class="printfooter"&gt; Retrieved from "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian"&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Kardashian&lt;/a&gt;"&lt;/div&gt; 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&lt;a href="javascript:void(window.open('http://cosmos.bcst.yahoo.com/up/ylocalnews?ch=4226712&amp;amp;cl=9497957&amp;amp;lang=en','playerWindow','width=792,height=666,scrollbars=no'));"&gt;&lt;img src="http://d.yimg.com/us.yimg.com/p/cbs_local/20080829/vidlthumb.3b7ba68bcaecc435bf0481599a1f97b9.jpg" width="93" height="70" /&gt;&lt;em&gt;Play&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://news.search.yahoo.com/search/news?ei=UTF-8&amp;amp;p=barack+obama&amp;amp;x=wrt&amp;amp;c=av" class="more"&gt;421 News Videos&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;script language="JavaScript" src="http://www.freetipsandwits.com/feed/feed2js.php?src=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.search.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Frss%3B_ylt%3DA0WTTklY5rhInngBswHQtDMD%3B_ylu%3DX3oDMTA3MTBsZGZsBHNlYwNhZG0-%3Fei%3DUTF-8%26p%3Dbarack%2Bobama%26c%3D%26eo%3DUTF-8&amp;amp;chan=y&amp;amp;num=100&amp;amp;targ=y&amp;amp;html=a" type="text/javascript"&gt;&lt;/script&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;noscript&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="rss-box"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;p class="rss-title"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-title" href="http://news.search.yahoo.com/search/news?p=barack+obama&amp;ei=UTF-8" target=" target="_blank""&gt;Yahoo! News Search Results for barack obama&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;span class="rss-item"&gt;Yahoo! News Search Results for barack obama&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;ul class="rss-items"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=12dbgp9fk/*http%3A//www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/08/29/entertainment/main4399125.shtml"  title="Oprah Winfrey welcomes back Olympians. Huge turnout for Barack Obama's speech. Trisha Yearwood on her emergency landing. Indiana Sen. Evan Bayh talks politics, football with Jon Stewart...." target="_blank"&gt;Buzz Briefs: Oprah Winfrey, Barack Obama (CBS News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Oprah Winfrey welcomes back Olympians. Huge turnout for Barack Obama's speech. Trisha Yearwood on her emergency landing. Indiana Sen. Evan Bayh talks politics, football with Jon Stewart.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=13r0ofd17/*http%3A//www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/democratic_race/2008/08/29/2008-08-29_barack_obamas_show_even_tops_idol-4.html"  title="MORE THAN 38.3 million people tuned in to see presidential nominee Sen. Barack Obama address the Democratic National Convention Thursday night.                             ..." target="_blank"&gt;Barack Obama's show even tops 'Idol' (New York Daily News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;MORE THAN 38.3 million people tuned in to see presidential nominee Sen. Barack Obama address the Democratic National Convention Thursday night.                             &lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=1288ocme9/*http%3A//www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/08/28/politics/main4394905.shtml"  title="The remarks of Barack Obama as prepared for delivery at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado, August 28, 2008...." target="_blank"&gt;Barack Obama's DNC Address (CBS News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The remarks of Barack Obama as prepared for delivery at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, Colorado, August 28, 2008.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=12vjfu30n/*http%3A//www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/us_elections/article4636714.ece"  title="Having feasted on Barack Obama?s soaring oratory and had the Clintons slake their thirst for unity, some Democrats headed home from Denver yesterday with anxiety still clawing away inside them...." target="_blank"&gt;Barack Obama?s rhetoric aims for Middle America, but may fail nearer home (Times Online)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Having feasted on Barack Obama?s soaring oratory and had the Clintons slake their thirst for unity, some Democrats headed home from Denver yesterday with anxiety still clawing away inside them.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=1269rtc2d/*http%3A//www.nytimes.com/2008/08/28/us/politics/28text-obama.html?em"  title="The following is the transcript of Senator Barack Obama?s acceptance speech at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, as recorded by CQ Transcriptions...." target="_blank"&gt;Barack Obama?s Acceptance Speech (New York Times)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The following is the transcript of Senator Barack Obama?s acceptance speech at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, as recorded by CQ Transcriptions.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=12hkqnj5i/*http%3A//www.usmagazine.com/news/barack-obama-we-are-a-better-country-than-this"  title="    Barack Obama accepted the Democratic Party's nomination for president in front of 80,000 people Thursday night by proclaiming: "America, we are better than these last eight years. "We are a better country than this," he said in a 42-minute speech at I..." target="_blank"&gt;Barack Obama: "We Are a Better Country Than This" (US Weekly)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;    Barack Obama accepted the Democratic Party's nomination for president in front of 80,000 people Thursday night by proclaiming: "America, we are better than these last eight years. "We are a better country than this," he said in a 42-minute speech at Invesco Field in Denver (Watch above). The Illinois senator described his life as the result of the "American promise" and slammed Republican... ...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=13em3tr9e/*http%3A//www.nypost.com/seven/08292008/news/nationalnews/palins_age__inexperience_rival_barack_ob_126669.htm"  title="DENVER - John McCain's risky choice of Gov. Sarah Palin gives him a running mate who doubles down on his maverick image, may appeal to "hockey moms" and other women, and counters Barack Obama's aura of new-generation change. But he may have......" target="_blank"&gt;PALIN'S AGE, INEXPERIENCE RIVAL BARACK OBAMA (New York Post)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;DENVER - John McCain's risky choice of Gov. Sarah Palin gives him a running mate who doubles down on his maverick image, may appeal to "hockey moms" and other women, and counters Barack Obama's aura of new-generation change. But he may have...&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=1240sr1np/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080829/ap_on_el_pr/cvn_obama_text_1"  title=" Prepared remarks of Sen. Barack Obama for his address to the Democratic National Convention on Thursday night in Denver, as released by the campaign:..." target="_blank"&gt;Barack Obama's convention address (AP via Yahoo! News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Prepared remarks of Sen. Barack Obama for his address to the Democratic National Convention on Thursday night in Denver, as released by the campaign:&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=13mhjd587/*http%3A//news.yahoo.com/s/rockymountainnews/20080829/pl_rockymountainnews/textofsenbarackobamasacceptancespeechfor_0"  title=" Text of Sen. Barack Obama's acceptance speech for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination..." target="_blank"&gt;Text of Sen. Barack Obama's acceptance speech for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination (Rocky Mountain News via Yahoo! News)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Text of Sen. Barack Obama's acceptance speech for the Democratic Party's presidential nomination&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;li class="rss-item"&gt;&lt;a class="rss-item" href="http://us.rd.yahoo.com/dailynews/rss/search/barack+obama/SIG=12359dvn7/*http%3A//www.nytimes.com/2008/08/28/us/politics/28text-obama.html"  title="The following is the text, as prepared for delivery, of Senator Barack Obama?s acceptance speech at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, as provided by the Obama campaign...." target="_blank"&gt;Barack Obama?s Acceptance Speech (New York Times)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The following is the text, as prepared for delivery, of Senator Barack Obama?s acceptance speech at the Democratic National Convention in Denver, as provided by the Obama campaign.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;div class="blogger-post-footer"&gt;&lt;img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/5224125977441740164-7769726485968343201?l=ryderstory.blogspot.com'/&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</content><link rel='replies' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/feeds/7769726485968343201/comments/default' title='Post Comments'/><link rel='replies' type='text/html' href='https://www.blogger.com/comment.g?blogID=5224125977441740164&amp;postID=7769726485968343201' title='0 Comments'/><link rel='edit' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/7769726485968343201'/><link rel='self' type='application/atom+xml' href='http://www.blogger.com/feeds/5224125977441740164/posts/default/7769726485968343201'/><link rel='alternate' type='text/html' href='http://ryderstory.blogspot.com/2008/08/barack-obama-in-news.html' title='Barack Obama in the News'/><author><name>Ryder Story</name><uri>http://www.blogger.com/profile/17312720952332986716</uri><email>noreply@blogger.com</email><gd:extendedProperty xmlns:gd='http://schemas.google.com/g/2005' name='OpenSocialUserId' value='04342108806553812836'/></author><thr:total xmlns:thr='http://purl.org/syndication/thread/1.0'>0</thr:total></entry><entry><id>tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5224125977441740164.post-1048434399256490428</id><published>2008-08-29T23:14:00.000-07:00</published><updated>2008-08-29T23:15:07.014-07:00</updated><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Charles Manson'/><category scheme='http://www.blogger.com/atom/ns#' term='Manson Family'/><title type='text'>Charles Manson</title><content type='html'>&lt;h1 class="firstHeading"&gt;Charles Manson&lt;/h1&gt;       &lt;h3 id="siteSub"&gt;From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia&lt;/h3&gt;              &lt;div id="jump-to-nav"&gt;Jump to: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#column-one"&gt;navigation&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#searchInput"&gt;search&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;   &lt;!-- start content --&gt;    &lt;div class="metadata plainlinks" id="protected-icon" style="position: absolute; z-index: 100; right: 55px; top: 10px;"&gt; &lt;div style="position: relative;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected."&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;table class="infobox vcard" style="width: 21em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left;" cellspacing="2"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;th colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"&gt;&lt;big class="fn"&gt;Charles Manson&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr&gt; &lt;td colspan="2" align="center"&gt; &lt;div class="center"&gt; &lt;div class="floatnone"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Charles-mansonbookingphoto.jpg" class="image" title="Charles-mansonbookingphoto.jpg"&gt;&lt;img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Charles-mansonbookingphoto.jpg/150px-Charles-mansonbookingphoto.jpg" width="150" border="0" height="194" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="top"&gt; &lt;th align="right"&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/th&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="top"&gt; &lt;th style="text-align: right;"&gt;Born&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_12" title="November 12"&gt;November 12&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934" title="1934"&gt;1934&lt;/a&gt; &lt;span style="display: none;"&gt;(&lt;span class="bday"&gt;1934-11-12&lt;/span&gt;)&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="noprint"&gt;(age 73)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio"&gt;Cincinnati, Ohio&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States"&gt;United States&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr class="note" valign="top"&gt; &lt;th style="text-align: right;"&gt;Penalty&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;Death, reduced by abolition of death penalty to life in prison&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="top"&gt; &lt;th style="text-align: right;"&gt;Status&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;Ineligible for parole until 2012&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="top"&gt; &lt;th style="text-align: right;"&gt;Spouse&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;Rosalie Jean Willis; Leona (last name unknown) aka Candy Stevens&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="top"&gt; &lt;th style="text-align: right;"&gt;Parents&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;Kathleen Maddox, Colonel Scott (father), William Manson (stepfather)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;tr valign="top"&gt; &lt;th style="text-align: right;"&gt;Children&lt;/th&gt; &lt;td&gt;Charles Milles Manson, Jr. (mother Rosalie Jean Willis), Charles Luther Manson (mother Leona), Valentine Michael "Pooh Bear" Manson (mother &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Brunner" title="Mary Brunner"&gt;Mary Brunner&lt;/a&gt;)&lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Charles Milles Manson&lt;/b&gt; (born &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_12" title="November 12"&gt;November 12&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1934" title="1934"&gt;1934&lt;/a&gt;) is an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States" title="United States"&gt;American&lt;/a&gt; criminal who led the "Manson Family," a quasi-&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commune_%28intentional_community%29" title="Commune (intentional community)"&gt;commune&lt;/a&gt; that arose in the U.S. state of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California"&gt;California&lt;/a&gt; in the later 1960s.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-0" title=""&gt;[1]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi313_1-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi313-1" title=""&gt;[2]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-2" title=""&gt;[3]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He was found guilty of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conspiracy_%28crime%29" title="Conspiracy (crime)"&gt;conspiracy&lt;/a&gt; to commit the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharon_Tate" title="Sharon Tate"&gt;Tate&lt;/a&gt;/&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leno_and_Rosemary_LaBianca" title="Leno and Rosemary LaBianca"&gt;LaBianca&lt;/a&gt; murders, which members of the group carried out at his instruction. Through the joint-responsibility rule of conspiracy,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-3" title=""&gt;[4]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; he was convicted of the murders themselves.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Manson is associated with "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelter_%28Manson_scenario%29" title="Helter Skelter (Manson scenario)"&gt;Helter Skelter&lt;/a&gt;," the term he took from the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles"&gt;Beatles&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelter_%28song%29" title="Helter Skelter (song)"&gt;song of that name&lt;/a&gt; and construed as an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apocalypse" title="Apocalypse"&gt;apocalyptic&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_war" title="Race war"&gt;race war&lt;/a&gt; that the murders were intended to precipitate. This connection with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music"&gt;rock music&lt;/a&gt; linked him, from the beginning of his notoriety, with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pop_culture" title="Pop culture" class="mw-redirect"&gt;pop culture&lt;/a&gt;, in which he became an emblem of insanity, violence, and the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macabre" title="Macabre"&gt;macabre&lt;/a&gt;. Ultimately, the term was used as the title of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelter_%28book%29" title="Helter Skelter (book)"&gt;book&lt;/a&gt; that prosecutor &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_Bugliosi" title="Vincent Bugliosi"&gt;Vincent Bugliosi&lt;/a&gt; wrote about the Manson murders.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;At the time the Family began to form, Manson was an unemployed ex-convict, who had spent half his life in correctional institutions for a variety of offenses. In the period before the murders, he was a distant fringe member of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" title="Los Angeles, California"&gt;Los Angeles&lt;/a&gt; music industry, chiefly via a chance association with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys"&gt;Beach Boy&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Wilson" title="Dennis Wilson"&gt;Dennis Wilson&lt;/a&gt;. After Manson was charged with the crimes, recordings of songs written and performed by him were released commercially. Artists including &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guns_N%27_Roses" title="Guns N' Roses"&gt;Guns N' Roses&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marilyn_Manson" title="Marilyn Manson"&gt;Marilyn Manson&lt;/a&gt; have &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cover_version" title="Cover version"&gt;covered&lt;/a&gt; his songs in the decades since.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Manson's &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment"&gt;death sentence&lt;/a&gt; was automatically reduced to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_imprisonment" title="Life imprisonment"&gt;life imprisonment&lt;/a&gt; when a decision by the Supreme Court of California temporarily eliminated the state's death penalty.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-4" title=""&gt;[5]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; California's eventual reestablishment of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment"&gt;capital punishment&lt;/a&gt; did not affect Manson, who is an inmate at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corcoran_State_Prison" title="Corcoran State Prison" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Corcoran State Prison&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"&gt; &lt;tbody&gt;&lt;tr&gt; &lt;td&gt; &lt;div id="toctitle"&gt; &lt;h2&gt;Contents&lt;/h2&gt;  &lt;span class="toctoggle"&gt;[&lt;a href="javascript:toggleToc()" class="internal" id="togglelink"&gt;hide&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Early_life"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Early life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Childhood"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Childhood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#First_offenses"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;First offenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#First_imprisonment"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;First imprisonment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Second_imprisonment"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;1.4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Second imprisonment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Rise_of_the_Family"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Rise of the Family&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Involvement_with_Wilson.2C_Melcher.2C_et_al."&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Involvement with Wilson, Melcher, et al.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Spahn_Ranch"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Spahn Ranch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Helter_Skelter"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2.3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Helter Skelter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Encounter_with_Tate"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;2.4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Encounter with Tate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Family_crimes"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Family crimes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Crowe_shooting.3B_Hinman_murder"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Crowe shooting; Hinman murder&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Tate_murders"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Tate murders&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-3"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Slaughter"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3.2.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Slaughter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#LaBianca_murders"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3.3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;LaBianca murders&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-3"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Killings"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;3.3.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Killings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Justice_system"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Justice system&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Investigation"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Investigation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-3"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Breakthrough"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.1.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Breakthrough&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-3"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Apprehension"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.1.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Apprehension&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Trial"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Trial&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-3"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Ongoing_disruptions"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.2.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Ongoing disruptions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-3"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Defense_rests"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.2.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Defense rests&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-3"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Penalty_phase"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;4.2.3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Penalty phase&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Aftermath"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Aftermath&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Remaining_in_view"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Remaining in view&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Later_events"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Later events&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Recent_developments"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5.3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Recent developments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Parole_hearings"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;5.4&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Parole hearings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Manson_and_culture"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;6&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Manson and culture&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; &lt;ul&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Recordings"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;6.1&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Recordings&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Cultural_reverberation"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;6.2&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Cultural reverberation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-2"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Documentaries"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;6.3&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Documentaries&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#References"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;7&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Works_cited"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;8&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Works cited&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#Further_reading"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;9&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;Further reading&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li class="toclevel-1"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#External_links"&gt;&lt;span class="tocnumber"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span class="toctext"&gt;External links&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt; &lt;/td&gt; &lt;/tr&gt; &lt;/tbody&gt;&lt;/table&gt; &lt;script type="text/javascript"&gt; //&lt;![CDATA[  if (window.showTocToggle) { var tocShowText = "show"; var tocHideText = "hide"; showTocToggle(); }  //]]&gt; &lt;/script&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Early_life" id="Early_life"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Early life&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Childhood" id="Childhood"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Childhood&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;First known as "no name Maddox,"&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-6" title=""&gt;[7]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-mom_7-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-mom-7" title=""&gt;[8]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Manson was born to unmarried, 16-year-old Kathleen Maddox in Cincinnati General Hospital, in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio" title="Cincinnati, Ohio"&gt;Cincinnati, Ohio&lt;/a&gt;; no more than three weeks after his birth, he was &lt;i&gt;Charles Milles Maddox.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-8" title=""&gt;[9]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-birthcert_9-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-birthcert-9" title=""&gt;[10]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; For a period after her son's birth Kathleen Maddox was married to a laborer named William Manson,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-birthcert_9-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-birthcert-9" title=""&gt;[10]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; whose last name the boy was given. Charles Manson's biological father appears to have been a "Colonel Scott", against whom Maddox filed a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legitimacy_%28law%29" title="Legitimacy (law)"&gt;bastardy&lt;/a&gt; suit that resulted in an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stipulated_judgment" title="Stipulated judgment"&gt;agreed judgment&lt;/a&gt; in 1937.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Possibly, the boy never really knew him.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-mom_7-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-mom-7" title=""&gt;[8]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Manson's mother, allegedly a heavy drinker,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; once sold him for a pitcher of beer to a childless waitress, from whom his uncle retrieved him some days later.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-emmons_10-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-emmons-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; When his mother and her brother were sentenced to five years imprisonment for robbing a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charleston,_West_Virginia" title="Charleston, West Virginia"&gt;Charleston, West Virginia&lt;/a&gt;, service station in 1939, Manson was placed in the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McMechen,_West_Virginia" title="McMechen, West Virginia"&gt;McMechen, West Virginia&lt;/a&gt;, home of an aunt and uncle. Upon his mother's 1942 parole, Manson was retrieved by his mother and lived with her in run-down hotel rooms.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He would one day characterize her physical embrace of him on the day she returned from prison as his sole childhood joy.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-emmons_10-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-emmons-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In 1947, Kathleen Maddox tried to have her son placed in a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foster_care" title="Foster care"&gt;foster home&lt;/a&gt; but failed because no such home was available.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The court placed Manson in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibault_School_for_Boys" title="Gibault School for Boys"&gt;Gibault School for Boys&lt;/a&gt;, in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terre_Haute,_Indiana" title="Terre Haute, Indiana"&gt;Terre Haute, Indiana&lt;/a&gt;. After 10 months, he fled from there to his mother, who rejected him.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-7" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="First_offenses" id="First_offenses"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;First offenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;By burgling a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grocery_store" title="Grocery store"&gt;grocery store&lt;/a&gt;, Manson obtained cash that enabled him to rent a room.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi136_5-8" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi136-5" title=""&gt;[6]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; A string of burglaries of other stores, from one of which he stole a bicycle, ended when he was caught in the act and sent to an &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Indianapolis&lt;/a&gt; juvenile center. His escape after one day led to his recapture and his placement in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girls_and_Boys_Town" title="Girls and Boys Town"&gt;Boys Town&lt;/a&gt;, from which he escaped with another boy four days after his arrival. The pair committed two armed robberies on their way to the home of the other boy's uncle.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Caught during the second of two subsequent break-ins of grocery stores, Manson was sent, at age 13, to the Indiana School for Boys, where, he would later claim, he was brutalized sexually and otherwise.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-emmons_10-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-emmons-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; After many failed attempts, he escaped with two other boys in 1951.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah" title="Utah"&gt;Utah&lt;/a&gt;, having burgled gas stations all along the way, the three were caught driving to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California"&gt;California&lt;/a&gt; in cars they had stolen. For the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_crime" title="Federal crime"&gt;federal crime&lt;/a&gt; of taking a stolen car across a state line, Manson was sent to the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C."&gt;Washington, D.C.&lt;/a&gt;, National Training School for Boys. Despite four years of schooling and an average &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQ" title="IQ" class="mw-redirect"&gt;IQ&lt;/a&gt; of 109 (later tested at 121),&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; he was &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illiterate" title="Illiterate" class="mw-redirect"&gt;illiterate&lt;/a&gt;. A &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caseworker" title="Caseworker"&gt;caseworker&lt;/a&gt; concluded he was aggressively &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisocial" title="Antisocial"&gt;antisocial&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="First_imprisonment" id="First_imprisonment"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;First imprisonment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Less than a month before a scheduled February 1952 &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parole" title="Parole"&gt;parole&lt;/a&gt; hearing at Natural Bridge Honor Camp, a minimum security institution to which he had been transferred the previous October on a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychiatrist" title="Psychiatrist"&gt;psychiatrist&lt;/a&gt;'s recommendation, Manson "took a razor blade and held it against another boy's throat while he &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodomy" title="Sodomy"&gt;sodomized&lt;/a&gt; him."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-emmons_10-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-emmons-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He was transferred to the Federal Reformatory, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petersburg,_Virginia" title="Petersburg, Virginia"&gt;Petersburg, Virginia&lt;/a&gt;, where he was considered "dangerous."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; In September 1952, a number of other serious disciplinary offenses resulted in his transfer to the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chillicothe_Correctional_Institution" title="Chillicothe Correctional Institution"&gt;Federal Reformatory&lt;/a&gt; at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chillicothe,_Ohio" title="Chillicothe, Ohio"&gt;Chillicothe&lt;/a&gt;, Ohio, a more secure institution.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; About a month after the transfer, he became almost a model resident. Good work habits and a rise in his educational level from the lower fourth to the upper seventh grade won him a May 1954 parole.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-7" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;After temporarily honoring a parole condition that he live with his aunt and uncle in West Virginia, Manson moved in with his mother in that same state. In January 1955, he married Rosalie Jean Willis, a hospital waitress, with whom, by his own account, he found genuine, if short-lived, marital happiness,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-emmons_10-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-emmons-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; and whom he supported via smalltime jobs and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_vehicle_theft" title="Motor vehicle theft"&gt;auto theft&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-8" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Around October, about three months after he and his pregnant wife arrived in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Los Angeles&lt;/a&gt; in a car he had stolen in Ohio, Manson was again charged with a federal crime for taking the vehicle interstate; after a psychiatric evaluation, he was given five years' &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probation" title="Probation"&gt;probation&lt;/a&gt;. His subsequent failure to appear at a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Los Angeles&lt;/a&gt; hearing on an identical charge filed in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida" title="Florida"&gt;Florida&lt;/a&gt; resulted in his March 1956 arrest in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Indianapolis&lt;/a&gt;. His probation was revoked; he was sentenced to three years' imprisonment at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Correctional_Institution,_Terminal_Island" title="Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island"&gt;Terminal Island&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Pedro,_California" title="San Pedro, California" class="mw-redirect"&gt;San Pedro, California&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-9" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Charles Manson Jr., Manson's son by Rosalie, was born while Manson was in prison. During his first year at Terminal Island, Manson received visits from his wife and mother, who were now living together in Los Angeles; but in March 1957, when the visits from his wife ceased, his mother informed him Rosalie was living with another man. Caught trying to escape by stealing a car less than two weeks before a scheduled parole hearing, Manson was given five years' probation; his parole was denied.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-10" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Second_imprisonment" id="Second_imprisonment"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Second imprisonment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;Manson received five years parole in September 1958, the same year in which Rosalie received a decree of divorce. By November, he was &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pimp" title="Pimp"&gt;pimping&lt;/a&gt; a 16-year-old girl and was receiving additional support from a girl with wealthy parents. Pleading guilty in September 1959 to a charge of attempting to cash a forged &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Treasury" title="U.S. Treasury" class="mw-redirect"&gt;U.S. Treasury&lt;/a&gt; check, he received a 10-year &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suspended_sentence" title="Suspended sentence"&gt;suspended sentence&lt;/a&gt; and probation after a young woman with an arrest record for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostitution" title="Prostitution"&gt;prostitution&lt;/a&gt; tearfully told the court she and Manson were in love and would marry if Manson were freed.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-11" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The woman, whose name was Leona and who, as a prostitute, had used the name Candy Stevens, did, in fact, marry Manson before the year’s end, possibly so testimony against him &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spousal_privilege#The_spousal_testimonial_privilege" title="Spousal privilege"&gt;would not be required&lt;/a&gt; of her.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-12" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;After Manson took that same woman and another girl from California to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico"&gt;New Mexico&lt;/a&gt; for purposes of prostitution before the year's end, he was held and questioned for violation of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mann_Act" title="Mann Act"&gt;Mann Act&lt;/a&gt;. Though he was released, he evidently suspected, rightly, that the investigation had not ended. When he disappeared, in violation of his probation, a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bench_warrant" title="Bench warrant"&gt;bench warrant&lt;/a&gt; was issued; an April 1960 indictment for violation of the Mann Act followed.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-13" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Arrested in Laredo, Texas, in June, when one of his girls was arrested for prostitution, Manson was returned to Los Angeles. For violation of his probation on the check-cashing charge, he was ordered to serve his ten-year sentence.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-14" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In July 1961, after a year spent unsuccessfully appealing the revocation of his probation, Manson was transferred from the Los Angeles County Jail to the United States Penitentiary at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNeil_Island" title="McNeil Island"&gt;McNeil Island&lt;/a&gt;. Although the Mann Act charge had been dropped, the attempt to cash the Treasury check was still a federal offense. His September 1961 annual review noted he had a "tremendous drive to call attention to himself," an observation echoed in September 1964.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-15" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; In the interval, in 1963, Leona was granted a divorce, in the pursuit of which she alleged she and Manson had had a son, Charles Luther.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-16" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In June 1966, Manson was sent, for the second time in his life, to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Correctional_Institution,_Terminal_Island" title="Federal Correctional Institution, Terminal Island"&gt;Terminal Island&lt;/a&gt;, in preparation for early release. By &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_21" title="March 21"&gt;March 21&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967" title="1967"&gt;1967&lt;/a&gt;, his release day, he had spent more than half of his 32 years in prisons and other institutions.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-17" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Telling the authorities that prison had become his home, he requested, unsuccessfully, that he be permitted to stay,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-18" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; a fact touched on in a 1981 television interview with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Snyder" title="Tom Snyder"&gt;Tom Snyder&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-12" title=""&gt;[13]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Rise_of_the_Family" id="Rise_of_the_Family"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Rise of the Family&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;On his release day, Manson requested and was granted permission to move to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco" class="mw-redirect"&gt;San Francisco&lt;/a&gt;, where, with the help of a prison acquaintance, he obtained an apartment in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California"&gt;Berkeley&lt;/a&gt;. In prison, he had been taught to play &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steel_guitar" title="Steel guitar"&gt;steel guitar&lt;/a&gt; by 1930s bank robber &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_Karpis" title="Alvin Karpis"&gt;Alvin Karpis&lt;/a&gt;;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-19" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-13" title=""&gt;[14]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-emmons_10-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-emmons-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; now, living mostly by &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panhandling" title="Panhandling" class="mw-redirect"&gt;panhandling&lt;/a&gt;, he soon got to know &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Brunner" title="Mary Brunner"&gt;Mary Brunner&lt;/a&gt;, a twenty-three-year-old &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin-Madison" title="University of Wisconsin-Madison"&gt;University of Wisconsin-Madison&lt;/a&gt; graduate working as an assistant librarian at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UC_Berkeley" title="UC Berkeley" class="mw-redirect"&gt;UC Berkeley&lt;/a&gt;. After moving in with her, he overcame her resistance to his bringing other women in to live with them. Before long, they were sharing Brunner's residence with eighteen other women.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi163_14-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi163-14" title=""&gt;[15]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Manson also established himself as a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru" title="Guru"&gt;guru&lt;/a&gt; in San Francisco's &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haight-Ashbury" title="Haight-Ashbury"&gt;Haight-Ashbury&lt;/a&gt;, which, during 1967's "&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_of_Love" title="Summer of Love"&gt;Summer of Love&lt;/a&gt;", was emerging as the signature &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie"&gt;hippie&lt;/a&gt; locale. Expounding a philosophy that included some of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientology" title="Scientology"&gt;Scientology&lt;/a&gt; he had studied in prison,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-15" title=""&gt;[16]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; he soon had his first group of young followers, most of them female.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-20" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Before the summer was out, Manson and eight or nine of his enthusiasts piled into an old school bus they had re-wrought in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippie" title="Hippie"&gt;hippie&lt;/a&gt; style, with colored rugs and pillows in place of the many seats they had removed. Hitting the road, they roamed as far north as Washington State, then southward through &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Los Angeles&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"&gt;Mexico&lt;/a&gt;, and the southwest. Returning to the Los Angeles area, they lived in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topanga,_California" title="Topanga, California"&gt;Topanga Canyon&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malibu" title="Malibu"&gt;Malibu&lt;/a&gt;, and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venice,_California" title="Venice, California" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Venice&lt;/a&gt; — western parts of the city and county.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi163_14-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi163-14" title=""&gt;[15]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In an alternative account, which included no mention of the eighteen girls at Brunner’s place, Manson, apparently accompanied by Brunner, acquired Family members during some months of travels that were undertaken, in part, in a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen"&gt;Volkswagen&lt;/a&gt; van; it was November when the school bus set out from San Francisco with the enlarged group.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-16" title=""&gt;[17]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Involvement_with_Wilson.2C_Melcher.2C_et_al." id="Involvement_with_Wilson.2C_Melcher.2C_et_al."&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Involvement with Wilson, Melcher, et al.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;The events that would culminate in the murders were set in motion in late spring 1968, when, by some accounts, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Wilson" title="Dennis Wilson"&gt;Dennis Wilson&lt;/a&gt;, of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys"&gt;The Beach Boys&lt;/a&gt;, picked up two hitchhiking Manson girls and brought them to his &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Palisades" title="Pacific Palisades" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Pacific Palisades&lt;/a&gt; house for a few hours. Returning home in the early hours of the following morning from a night recording session, Wilson was greeted in the driveway of his own residence by Manson, who emerged from the house. Uncomfortable, Wilson asked the stranger whether he intended to hurt him. Assuring him he had no such intent, Manson began kissing Wilson's feet.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi250_17-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi250-17" title=""&gt;[18]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-sanders34_18-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-sanders34-18" title=""&gt;[19]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Inside the house, Wilson discovered 12 strangers, mostly girls.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi250_17-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi250-17" title=""&gt;[18]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-sanders34_18-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-sanders34-18" title=""&gt;[19]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Over the next few months, as their number doubled, the Family members who had made themselves part of Wilson's &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard" title="Sunset Boulevard"&gt;Sunset Boulevard&lt;/a&gt; household cost him approximately $100,000. This included a large medical bill for treatment of their &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gonorrhea" title="Gonorrhea"&gt;gonorrhea&lt;/a&gt; and $21,000 for the accidental destruction of an uninsured car of his which they borrowed.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins4_19-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins4-19" title=""&gt;[20]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Wilson would sing and talk with Manson, whose girls were servants to them both.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi250_17-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi250-17" title=""&gt;[18]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Wilson paid for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recording_studio" title="Recording studio"&gt;studio&lt;/a&gt; time to record songs written and performed by Manson, and he introduced Manson to acquaintances of his with roles in the entertainment business. These included &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregg_Jakobson" title="Gregg Jakobson"&gt;Gregg Jakobson&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Melcher" title="Terry Melcher"&gt;Terry Melcher&lt;/a&gt;, and Rudi Altobelli, the last of whom owned a house he would soon rent to actress &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharon_Tate" title="Sharon Tate"&gt;Sharon Tate&lt;/a&gt; and her husband, director &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski"&gt;Roman Polanski&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi250_17-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi250-17" title=""&gt;[18]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Jakobson, who was impressed by "the whole Charlie Manson package" of artist/lifestylist/philosopher, also paid to record Manson material.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi155_20-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi155-20" title=""&gt;[21]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi185_21-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi185-21" title=""&gt;[22]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi214_22-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi214-22" title=""&gt;[23]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson9_23-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson9-23" title=""&gt;[24]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In the quasi-autobiographical &lt;i&gt;Manson in His Own Words&lt;/i&gt;, the account is that Manson first met Wilson at a friend's San Francisco house where he, Manson, had gone to obtain &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_%28drug%29" title="Cannabis (drug)"&gt;marijuana&lt;/a&gt;. The Beach Boy supposedly gave Manson his Sunset Boulevard address and invited him to stop by when he would be in Los Angeles.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-emmons_10-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-emmons-10" title=""&gt;[11]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Spahn_Ranch" id="Spahn_Ranch"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Spahn Ranch&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;By August 1968, when Wilson had his manager clear the Family members from his house, Manson had established a base for the group at &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spahn_Ranch" title="Spahn Ranch"&gt;Spahn's Movie Ranch&lt;/a&gt;, not far from Topanga Canyon.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson6_24-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson6-24" title=""&gt;[25]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson7_25-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson7-25" title=""&gt;[26]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The evictees joined the rest of the Family there.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi250_17-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi250-17" title=""&gt;[18]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Located in (or near) &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatsworth,_Los_Angeles,_California" title="Chatsworth, Los Angeles, California"&gt;Chatsworth&lt;/a&gt;, the ranch had once been a location for the shooting of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_%28genre%29" title="Western (genre)"&gt;Western&lt;/a&gt; films; then, with its old movie sets run down, it was primarily doing business in horseback rides. While Family members did helpful work around the place, Manson kept the nearly-blind, octogenarian owner, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Spahn" title="George Spahn"&gt;George Spahn&lt;/a&gt;, on his side by having &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynette_Fromme" title="Lynette Fromme"&gt;Lynette Fromme&lt;/a&gt; act as Spahn's eyes and, along with other girls, service Spahn sexually.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi99_26-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi99-26" title=""&gt;[27]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-27" title=""&gt;[28]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; For a tiny squeal she would emit when Spahn would pinch her thigh, Fromme, one of the early Family members who had boarded the school bus,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi163_14-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi163-14" title=""&gt;[15]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; acquired the nickname "Squeaky."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins4_19-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins4-19" title=""&gt;[20]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;The Family was soon joined at Spahn Ranch by &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_%22Tex%22_Watson" title="Charles &amp;quot;Tex&amp;quot; Watson"&gt;Charles Watson&lt;/a&gt;, who had met Manson at Dennis Wilson's house. A small-town &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texas" title="Texas"&gt;Texan&lt;/a&gt; who had quit college and moved to California,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson4_28-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson4-28" title=""&gt;[29]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Watson had given a lift to Wilson, who had been hitchhiking because his cars had been wrecked.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson6_24-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson6-24" title=""&gt;[25]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Watson's drawl earned him a nickname from George Spahn: "Tex".&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson7_25-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson7-25" title=""&gt;[26]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Helter_Skelter" id="Helter_Skelter"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Helter Skelter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;dl&gt;&lt;dd&gt; &lt;div class="noprint relarticle mainarticle"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Main article: &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelter_%28Manson_scenario%29" title="Helter Skelter (Manson scenario)"&gt;Helter Skelter (Manson scenario)&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/dd&gt;&lt;/dl&gt; &lt;p&gt;In the first days of November 1968, Manson established the Family at alternative headquarters in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_Valley" title="Death Valley"&gt;Death Valley&lt;/a&gt;'s environs, where they occupied two unused or little-used ranches, Myers and Barker.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson9_23-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson9-23" title=""&gt;[24]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins10_29-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins10-29" title=""&gt;[30]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The former, to which the group had initially headed, was owned by the grandmother of a new girl in the Family. The latter was owned by an elderly, local woman to whom Manson presented himself and a male Family member as musicians in need of a place congenial to their work. When the woman agreed to let them stay there if they'd fix up things, Manson honored her with one of the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beach_Boys" title="Beach Boys" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Beach Boys&lt;/a&gt;' &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_record" title="Gold record" class="mw-redirect"&gt;gold records&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins10_29-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins10-29" title=""&gt;[30]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; several of which he'd been given by &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Wilson" title="Dennis Wilson"&gt;Dennis Wilson&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins11_30-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins11-30" title=""&gt;[31]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;While back at Spahn Ranch, no later than December, Manson and Watson visited a Topanga Canyon acquaintance who played them the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles"&gt;Beatles'&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatles_%28album%29" title="The Beatles (album)"&gt;&lt;i&gt;White Album&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, then recently released.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson9_23-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson9-23" title=""&gt;[24]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-31" title=""&gt;[32]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins12_32-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins12-32" title=""&gt;[33]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Despite having been 29 years old and imprisoned when The Beatles first came to America in 1964, Manson was obsessed with the group.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-33" title=""&gt;[34]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; At &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNeil_Island" title="McNeil Island"&gt;McNeil&lt;/a&gt;, he had told fellow inmates, including &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_Karpis" title="Alvin Karpis"&gt;Alvin Karpis&lt;/a&gt;, that he could surpass the group in fame;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi137_11-21" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi137-11" title=""&gt;[12]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-34" title=""&gt;[35]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; to the Family, he spoke of the group as "the soul" and "part of 'the hole in the infinite.'"&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins12_32-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins12-32" title=""&gt;[33]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;For some time, too, Manson had been saying that racial tension between blacks and whites was growing and that blacks would soon rise up in rebellion in America's cities.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson11_35-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson11-35" title=""&gt;[36]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-umkc_36-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-umkc-36" title=""&gt;[37]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; He had emphasized &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther_King,_Jr." title="Martin Luther King, Jr."&gt;Martin Luther King, Jr.&lt;/a&gt;'s assassination, which had taken place on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April_4" title="April 4"&gt;April 4&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968" title="1968"&gt;1968&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins10_29-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins10-29" title=""&gt;[30]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; On a bitterly cold &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Year%27s_Eve" title="New Year's Eve"&gt;New Year's Eve&lt;/a&gt; at Myers Ranch, the Family members, gathered outside around a large fire, listened as Manson explained that the social turmoil he had been predicting had also been predicted by The Beatles.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins12_32-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins12-32" title=""&gt;[33]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatles_%28album%29" title="The Beatles (album)"&gt;&lt;i&gt;White Album&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt; songs, he declared, told it all, although in code. In fact, he maintained (or would soon maintain), the album was directed at the Family itself, an elect group that was being instructed to preserve the worthy from the impending disaster.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson11_35-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson11-35" title=""&gt;[36]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-umkc_36-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-umkc-36" title=""&gt;[37]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In early January 1969, the Family escaped the desert's cold and positioned itself to monitor &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California" title="Los Angeles, California"&gt;L.A.&lt;/a&gt;'s supposed tension by moving to a canary-yellow home in &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoga_Park" title="Canoga Park" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Canoga Park&lt;/a&gt;, not far from the Spahn Ranch.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi244_37-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi244-37" title=""&gt;[38]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-38" title=""&gt;[39]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins12_32-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins12-32" title=""&gt;[33]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Because this locale would allow the group to remain "submerged beneath the awareness of the outside world,"&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi244_37-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi244-37" title=""&gt;[38]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-39" title=""&gt;[40]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Manson called it the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow_Submarine_%28song%29" title="Yellow Submarine (song)"&gt;Yellow Submarine&lt;/a&gt;, another Beatles reference. There, Family members prepared for the impending apocalypse,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins13_40-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins13-40" title=""&gt;[41]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson12_41-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson12-41" title=""&gt;[42]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; which, around the campfire, Manson had termed "Helter Skelter," after the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helter_Skelter_%28song%29" title="Helter Skelter (song)"&gt;song&lt;/a&gt; of that name.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;By February, Manson's vision was complete. The Family would create an album whose songs, as subtle as those of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles"&gt;The Beatles&lt;/a&gt;, would trigger the predicted chaos. Ghastly murders of whites by blacks would be met with retaliation, and a split between racist and non-racist whites would yield whites' self-annihilation. Blacks' triumph, as it were, would merely precede their being ruled by the Family, which would ride out the conflict in "the bottomless pit" — a secret city beneath Death Valley.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-42" title=""&gt;[43]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; At the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canoga_Park" title="Canoga Park" class="mw-redirect"&gt;Canoga Park&lt;/a&gt; house, while Family members worked on vehicles and pored over maps to prepare for their desert escape, they also worked on songs for their world-changing album. When they were told &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Melcher" title="Terry Melcher"&gt;Terry Melcher&lt;/a&gt; was to come to the house to hear the material, the girls prepared a meal and cleaned the place; but Melcher never arrived.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins13_40-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins13-40" title=""&gt;[41]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson11_35-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson11-35" title=""&gt;[36]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Encounter_with_Tate" id="Encounter_with_Tate"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Encounter with Tate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_23" title="March 23"&gt;March 23&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969" title="1969"&gt;1969&lt;/a&gt;,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi228_43-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi228-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Manson entered, uninvited, upon &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10050_Cielo_Drive" title="10050 Cielo Drive"&gt;10050 Cielo Drive&lt;/a&gt;, which he had known as the residence of &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Melcher" title="Terry Melcher"&gt;Terry Melcher&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi155_20-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi155-20" title=""&gt;[21]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; This was Rudi Altobelli's property, where Melcher was no longer the tenant; as of that February,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi28_44-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi28-44" title=""&gt;[45]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; the tenants were &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharon_Tate" title="Sharon Tate"&gt;Sharon Tate&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Polanski" title="Roman Polanski"&gt;Roman Polanski&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Manson was met by Shahrokh Hatami, a photographer and Tate friend, who was there to photograph Tate in advance of her departure for &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rome" title="Rome"&gt;Rome&lt;/a&gt; the next day. Having seen Manson through a window as Manson approached the main house, Hatami had gone onto the front porch to ask him what he wanted.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi228_43-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi228-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; When Manson told Hatami he was looking for someone whose name Hatami did not recognize, Hatami informed him the place was the Polanski residence. Hatami advised him to try "the back alley," by which he meant the path to the guest house, beyond the main house.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi228_43-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi228-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Concerned over the stranger on the property, Hatami was now down on the front walk, to confront Manson. When Tate appeared behind Hatami, in the house's front door, and asked who was calling, Hatami said a man was looking for someone. Hatami and Tate maintained their positions while Manson, without a word, went back to the guest house, returned a minute or two later, and left.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi228_43-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi228-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;That evening, Manson returned to the property and again went back to the guest house, where, presuming to enter the enclosed porch, he spoke with Rudi Altobelli, who was just coming out of the shower. Although Manson asked for Melcher, Altobelli felt Manson had come looking for him,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi226_45-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi226-45" title=""&gt;[46]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; as is consistent with prosecutor &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_Bugliosi" title="Vincent Bugliosi"&gt;Vincent Bugliosi&lt;/a&gt;'s later discovery that Manson had apparently been to the place on earlier occasions since Melcher's departure from it.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi228_43-4" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi228-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi369_46-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi369-46" title=""&gt;[47]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Speaking through the inner screen door, Altobelli told Manson that Melcher had moved to &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malibu,_California" title="Malibu, California"&gt;Malibu&lt;/a&gt;; he lied that he did not know Melcher's new address. In response to a question from Manson, Altobelli said he himself was in the entertainment business, although, having met Manson the previous year, at Dennis Wilson's home, he was sure Manson already knew that. At Wilson's, Altobelli had complimented Manson lukewarmly on some of his musical recordings that Wilson had been playing.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi228_43-5" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi228-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;When Altobelli informed Manson he was going out of the country the next day, Manson said he'd like to speak with him upon his return; Altobelli lied that he would be gone for more than a year. In response to a direct question from Altobelli, Manson explained that he had been directed to the guest house by the persons in the main house; Altobelli expressed the wish that Manson not disturb his tenants.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi228_43-6" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi228-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Manson left. As Altobelli flew with Tate to Rome the next day, Tate asked him whether "that creepy-looking guy" had gone back to the guest house the day before.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi228_43-7" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi228-43" title=""&gt;[44]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Family_crimes" id="Family_crimes"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h2&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Family crimes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h2&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Crowe_shooting.3B_Hinman_murder" id="Crowe_shooting.3B_Hinman_murder"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Crowe shooting; Hinman murder&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;On May 18, 1969, Terry Melcher visited Spahn Ranch to hear Manson and the girls sing. Melcher arranged a subsequent visit, not long thereafter, on which he brought a friend who possessed a mobile recording unit; but he himself did not record the group.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-47" title=""&gt;[48]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-48" title=""&gt;[49]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;By June, Manson was telling the Family they might have to show blacks how to start "Helter Skelter".&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi244_37-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi244-37" title=""&gt;[38]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson12_41-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson12-41" title=""&gt;[42]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watkins15_49-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watkins15-49" title=""&gt;[50]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; When Manson tasked Watson with obtaining money supposedly intended to help the Family prepare for the conflict, Watson defrauded a black &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_dealer" title="Drug dealer" class="mw-redirect"&gt;drug dealer&lt;/a&gt; named Bernard "Lotsapoppa" Crowe. Crowe responded with a threat to wipe out everyone at Spahn Ranch. Manson countered on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_1" title="July 1"&gt;July 1&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969" title="1969"&gt;1969&lt;/a&gt;, by shooting Crowe at his &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles,_California" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles, California"&gt;Hollywood&lt;/a&gt; apartment.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson13_50-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson13-50" title=""&gt;[51]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi91_51-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi91-51" title=""&gt;[52]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi99_26-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi99-26" title=""&gt;[27]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-52" title=""&gt;[53]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Manson's mistaken belief that he had killed Crowe was seemingly confirmed by a news report of the discovery of the dumped body of a &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party"&gt;Black Panther&lt;/a&gt; in Los Angeles. Although Crowe was not a member of the Black Panthers, Manson, concluding he had been, expected retaliation from the group. He turned Spahn Ranch into a defensive camp, with night patrols of armed guards.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson13_50-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson13-50" title=""&gt;[51]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-53" title=""&gt;[54]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; "If we'd needed any more proof that Helter Skelter was coming down very soon, this was it," Tex Watson would later write, "[B]lackie was trying to get at the chosen ones."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson13_50-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson13-50" title=""&gt;[51]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_25" title="July 25"&gt;July 25&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969" title="1969"&gt;1969&lt;/a&gt;, Manson sent sometime Family member &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Beausoleil" title="Bobby Beausoleil"&gt;Bobby Beausoleil&lt;/a&gt; along with &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Brunner" title="Mary Brunner"&gt;Mary Brunner&lt;/a&gt; and &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susan_Atkins" title="Susan Atkins"&gt;Susan Atkins&lt;/a&gt; to the house of acquaintance Gary Hinman, to persuade him to turn over money Manson thought Hinman had inherited.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi75_54-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi75-54" title=""&gt;[55]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-watson13_50-3" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-watson13-50" title=""&gt;[51]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-atkins_55-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-atkins-55" title=""&gt;[56]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The three held the uncooperative Hinman hostage for two days, during which Manson showed up with a sword to slash his ear. After that, Beausoleil stabbed him to death, ostensibly on Manson’s instruction. Before leaving the Topanga Canyon residence, Beausoleil, or one of the girls, used Hinman’s blood to write "Political piggy" on the wall and to draw a panther paw, a Black Panther symbol.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-56" title=""&gt;[57]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi91_51-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi91-51" title=""&gt;[52]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi99_26-2" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi99-26" title=""&gt;[27]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-57" title=""&gt;[58]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;In magazine interviews of 1981 and 1998-99,&lt;sup id="cite_ref-oui_58-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-oui-58" title=""&gt;[59]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup id="cite_ref-seconds_59-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-seconds-59" title=""&gt;[60]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Beausoleil would say he went to Hinman’s to recover money paid to Hinman for drugs that had supposedly been bad; he added that Brunner and Atkins, unaware of his intent, went along idly, merely to visit Hinman. On the other hand, Atkins, in her 1977 autobiography, wrote that Manson directly told Beausoleil, Brunner, and her to go to Hinman’s and get the supposed inheritance — $21,000. She said Manson had told her privately, two days earlier, that, if she wanted to "do something important," she could kill Hinman and get his money.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-atkins_55-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-atkins-55" title=""&gt;[56]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;a name="Tate_murders" id="Tate_murders"&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;h3&gt;&lt;span class="mw-headline"&gt;Tate murders&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/h3&gt; &lt;p&gt;When Beausoleil was arrested on &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_6" title="August 6"&gt;August 6&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969" title="1969"&gt;1969&lt;/a&gt;, after he had been caught driving Hinman's car, police found the murder weapon in the tire well.&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi28_44-1" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bugliosi28-44" title=""&gt;[45]&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; Two days later, Manson told Family members at Spahn Ranch, "Now is the time for Helter Skelter."&lt;sup id="cite_ref-bugliosi258_60-0" class="reference"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Manson#cite_note-bug